{"id":2264,"date":"2021-06-09T16:56:44","date_gmt":"2021-06-09T08:56:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/?p=2264"},"modified":"2021-08-05T15:00:23","modified_gmt":"2021-08-05T07:00:23","slug":"%e6%b3%95%e5%88%b6%e7%ab%8b%e6%b3%95%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e8%88%87%e6%8a%80%e8%a1%93-108%e5%b9%b4%e5%9c%b0%e6%96%b9%e7%89%b9%e8%80%83%e8%80%83%e5%89%8d%e8%a1%9d%e5%88%ba-%e9%80%99%e4%ba%9b%e8%a7%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/?p=2264","title":{"rendered":"\u7acb\u6cd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8207\u6280\u8853-\u9069\u7528\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u8003\u4e09\u7b49\u6cd5\u5236-\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u8003\u8003\u524d\u885d\u523a-\u9019\u4e9b\u89c0\u5ff5\u4f60\u78ba\u5be6\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u55ce\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_86 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a877043d8f14\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a877043d8f14\"  aria-label=\"\u986f\u793a\/\u96b1\u85cf\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/?p=2264\/#%e3%80%90%e7%ab%8b%e6%b3%95%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e8%88%87%e6%8a%80%e8%a1%93%e3%80%91108%e5%9c%b0%e6%96%b9%e7%89%b9%e8%80%83%e8%80%83%e5%89%8d%e9%87%8d%e9%bb%9e%e6%95%b4%e7%90%86\" >\u3010\u7acb\u6cd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8207\u6280\u8853\u3011(108\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u8003\u8003\u524d\u91cd\u9ede\u6574\u7406)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/?p=2264\/#%e7%ab%8b%e6%b3%95%e5%a7%94%e5%93%a1\" >\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/?p=2264\/#%e5%a3%b9%e3%80%81%e7%ab%8b%e6%b3%95%e5%a7%94%e5%93%a1%e4%b9%8b%e6%84%8f%e7%be%a9\" >\u58f9\u3001\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u4e4b\u610f\u7fa9<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/?p=2264\/#%e8%b2%b3%e3%80%81%e7%ab%8b%e6%b3%95%e5%a7%94%e5%93%a1%e4%b9%8b%e4%bb%a3%e8%a1%a8%e7%90%86%e8%ab%96\" >\u8cb3\u3001\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u4e4b\u4ee3\u8868\u7406\u8ad6<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/?p=2264\/#%e5%8f%83%e3%80%81%e7%ab%8b%e6%b3%95%e5%a7%94%e5%93%a1%e8%ba%ab%e5%88%86%e4%b8%8a%e4%b9%8b%e7%89%b9%e6%ac%8a\" >\u53c3\u3001\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u8eab\u5206\u4e0a\u4e4b\u7279\u6b0a<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/?p=2264\/#%e6%b3%95%e6%a2%9d%e8%a9%9e%e8%aa%9e%e4%b9%8b%e9%81%8b%e7%94%a8\" >\u6cd5\u689d\u8a5e\u8a9e\u4e4b\u904b\u7528<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/?p=2264\/#%e5%a3%b9%e3%80%81%e6%b3%95%e6%a2%9d%e8%a9%9e%e8%aa%9e%e4%b9%8b%e6%a6%82%e5%bf%b5\" >\u58f9\u3001\u6cd5\u689d\u8a5e\u8a9e\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/?p=2264\/#%e8%b2%b3%e3%80%81%e6%b3%95%e6%a2%9d%e8%a9%9e%e8%aa%9e%e9%81%8b%e7%94%a8%e4%b9%8b%e5%8e%9f%e5%89%87\" >\u8cb3\u3001\u6cd5\u689d\u8a5e\u8a9e\u904b\u7528\u4e4b\u539f\u5247<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/?p=2264\/#%e6%b3%95%e5%be%8b%e4%b9%8b%e4%bf%ae%e6%ad%a3%e8%88%87%e5%bb%a2%e6%ad%a2\" >\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e4b\u4fee\u6b63\u8207\u5ee2\u6b62<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/?p=2264\/#%e5%a3%b9%e3%80%81%e6%b3%95%e5%be%8b%e4%b9%8b%e4%bf%ae%e6%ad%a3\" >\u58f9\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e4b\u4fee\u6b63<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/?p=2264\/#%e8%b2%b3%e3%80%81%e6%b3%95%e5%be%8b%e4%b9%8b%e5%bb%a2%e6%ad%a2repeal\" >\u8cb3\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e4b\u5ee2\u6b62(repeal)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/?p=2264\/#%e7%9c%8b%e6%9b%b4%e5%a4%9a%e9%81%a9%e5%90%88%e5%9c%b0%e6%96%b9%e7%89%b9%e8%80%83%e8%80%83%e8%a9%a6%e8%87%aa%e5%ad%b8%e6%ba%96%e5%82%99%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%80%e6%96%b0%e6%9b%b8%e7%b1%8d%e3%80%81%e7%b7%9a%e4%b8%8a%e8%aa%b2%e7%a8%8b%e8%b3%87%e8%a8%8a%3e%3e%e9%bb%9e%e6%88%91%e7%ab%8b%e5%8d%b3%e5%89%8d%e5%be%80\" >\u770b\u66f4\u591a\u9069\u5408\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u8003\u8003\u8a66\u81ea\u5b78\u6e96\u5099\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u66f8\u7c4d\u3001\u7dda\u4e0a\u8ab2\u7a0b\u8cc7\u8a0a&gt;&gt;\u9ede\u6211\u7acb\u5373\u524d\u5f80<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"wp-image-2265\" src=\"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/91\u5b98\u7db2-\u5716\u6587\u6a21\u7d44-banner-1-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/91\u5b98\u7db2-\u5716\u6587\u6a21\u7d44-banner-1-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/91\u5b98\u7db2-\u5716\u6587\u6a21\u7d44-banner-1-1-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\r\n<p>\u4e0d\u7528\u64d4\u5fc3\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u8003\u6cd5\u5236\u7acb\u6cd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8207\u6280\u8853\u5982\u4f55\u6e96\u5099\uff0c\u5e38\u8003\u8003\u9ede\u3001\u6613\u932f\u984c\u76ee\uff0c\u9019\u908a\u90fd\u5e6b\u4f60\u505a\u4e86\u7be9\u9078\u548c\u5f59\u6574\u56c9\uff01\u984c\u984c\u7686\u9644\u4e0a\u8a73\u7d30\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u540c\u5b78\u5011\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u641e\u6df7\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u5168\u90e8\u90fd\u5e6b\u4f60\u6253\u901a~\u8003\u524d\u9ad8\u6548\u7e3d\u8907\u7fd2\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u5c31\u5c0d\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%e3%80%90%e7%ab%8b%e6%b3%95%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e8%88%87%e6%8a%80%e8%a1%93%e3%80%91108%e5%9c%b0%e6%96%b9%e7%89%b9%e8%80%83%e8%80%83%e5%89%8d%e9%87%8d%e9%bb%9e%e6%95%b4%e7%90%86\"><\/span>\u3010\u7acb\u6cd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8207\u6280\u8853\u3011(108\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u8003\u8003\u524d\u91cd\u9ede\u6574\u7406)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%e7%ab%8b%e6%b3%95%e5%a7%94%e5%93%a1\"><\/span>\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%e5%a3%b9%e3%80%81%e7%ab%8b%e6%b3%95%e5%a7%94%e5%93%a1%e4%b9%8b%e6%84%8f%e7%be%a9\"><\/span>\u58f9\u3001\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u4e4b\u610f\u7fa9<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u6211\u570b\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u4e4b\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\uff0c\u5373\u70ba\u4e00\u822c\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u54e1\u300d(member of parliament)\uff0c\u4fc2\u6307\u300c\u7d93\u4eba\u6c11\u5b9a\u671f\u6539\u9078\u5728\u570b\u6703\u4e4b\u6c11\u610f\u4ee3\u8868\u300d\u3002<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%e8%b2%b3%e3%80%81%e7%ab%8b%e6%b3%95%e5%a7%94%e5%93%a1%e4%b9%8b%e4%bb%a3%e8%a1%a8%e7%90%86%e8%ab%96\"><\/span>\u8cb3\u3001\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u4e4b\u4ee3\u8868\u7406\u8ad6<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u54e1\u4ee3\u8868\u7406\u8ad6\u4e4b\u7a2e\u985e<br \/>\u59d4\u4efb\u4ee3\u8868\u8aaa(mandate theory)\uff1a<br \/>\u7406\u8ad6\u7de3\u8d77\uff1a<br \/>\u6b64\u8aaa\u53d7\u6cd5\u570b\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u76e7\u68ad(Jean-Jacques Rousseau)\u4e4b\u4eba\u6c11\u4e3b\u6b0a\u8ad6\u53ca\u82f1\u570b\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u6d1b\u514b(John Locke)\u5929\u8ce6\u4eba\u6b0a\u8aaa\u4e4b\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<br \/>\u6b64\u8aaa\u5f37\u8abf\u4e3b\u6b0a\u5728\u6c11\uff0c\u7136\u56e0\u4eba\u6c11\u767e\u696d\u7e41\u5fd9\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u7a4d\u6975\u6295\u8eab\u516c\u5171\u4e8b\u52d9\uff0c\u6545\u9078\u51fa\u4ee3\u8868\u4ee5\u4ee3\u7406\u5176\u884c\u4f7f\u653f\u6b0a\uff0c\u4f01\u5716\u9ad4\u73fe\u300c\u7121\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e0d\u9808\u670d\u5f9e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u300d\u4e4b\u9769\u547d\u601d\u60f3\u3002<br \/>\u7531\u65bc\u4eba\u4eba\u4eab\u6709\u540c\u7b49\u5929\u8ce6\u4eba\u6b0a\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4eba\u4eba\u6240\u4eab\u6709\u4e4b\u9078\u8209\u6b0a\u8207\u88ab\u9078\u8209\u6b0a\u61c9\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002<br \/>\u7406\u8ad6\u5167\u6db5\uff1a\u00a0<br \/>\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u54e1\u65e2\u7531\u5404\u9078\u8209\u5718\u9ad4\u9078\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u77ed\u671f\u548c\u5b9a\u671f\u6539\u9078\u4e4b\u58d3\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6642\u6642\u95dc\u6ce8\u9078\u8209\u5718\u9ad4\u4e4b\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u800c\u4ee5\u6c11\u610f\u70ba\u6700\u5f8c\u4f9d\u6b78\u3002<br \/>\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u54e1\u548c\u539f\u9078\u8209\u5718\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9078\u6c11\u9593\u767c\u751f\u300c\u59d4\u8a17\u95dc\u4fc2\u300d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u539f\u9078\u8209\u5718\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9078\u6c11\u5f97\u7d66\u4e88\u8b70\u54e1\u6307\u793a\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u65bc\u8b70\u6703\u4e2d\u4e4b\u8a00\u8ad6\u8207\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u7686\u9808\u9075\u7167\u9078\u6c11\u4e4b\u610f\u601d\u800c\u70ba\u4e4b\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u9078\u6c11\u5f97\u64a4\u92b7\u5176\u59d4\u8a17\u3002<br \/>\u5b78\u8005\u7a31\u6b64\u70ba\u300c\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u59d4\u4efb\u300d(imperative mandate)\uff0c\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u54e1\u8207\u9078\u6c11\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u5be6\u5177\u6709\u79c1\u6cd5\u4e0a\u4e4b\u59d4\u4efb\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u800c\u6b64\u7a2e\u95dc\u4fc2\u50c5\u5b58\u65bc\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u54e1\u548c\u539f\u9078\u8209\u5718\u9ad4\u9078\u6c11\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u8b70\u54e1\u548c\u5168\u9ad4\u4eba\u6c11\u4e4b\u9593\u3002<br \/>\u7406\u8ad6\u7f3a\u5931\uff1a<br \/>\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u9078\u8209\u904e\u7a0b\u6240\u7522\u751f\u8005\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u5730\u65b9\u5229\u76ca\u4e4b\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u800c\u4fc2\u4eba\u6c11\u8a8d\u70ba\u6700\u8db3\u582a\u8a17\u4ed8\u570b\u5bb6\u91cd\u8cac\u5927\u4efb\u4e4b\u793e\u6703\u83c1\u82f1\u3002<br \/>\u4ee5\u73fe\u6cc1\u4e88\u4ee5\u6aa2\u8b49\u59d4\u4efb\u4ee3\u8868\u8aaa\uff0c\u6703\u767c\u73fe\u5f88\u96e3\u627e\u51fa\u9078\u5340\u4e4b\u5171\u540c\u5229\u76ca(public good)\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<br \/>\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4ee3\u8868\u8aaa(representative theory)<br \/>\u53c8\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u81ea\u7531\u4e4b\u59d4\u4efb\u300d(free mandate)\u3001\u300c\u7368\u7acb\u7406\u8ad6\u300d(independent theory)\u3002<br \/>\u7406\u8ad6\u5167\u6db5\uff1a<br \/>\u6b64\u8aaa\u5f37\u8abf\u4eba\u6c11\u65bc\u9078\u8209\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u54e1\u6642\uff0c\u61c9\u8457\u91cd\u65bc\u88ab\u9078\u8209\u4eba\u4e4b\u4eba\u54c1\u53ca\u624d\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u3002<br \/>\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u54e1\u4e00\u65e6\u7576\u9078\uff0c\u5373\u61c9\u812b\u96e2\u9078\u5340\u5229\u76ca\u4e4b\u727d\u7d46\uff0c\u800c\u4ee5\u570b\u5bb6\u6574\u9ad4\u5229\u76ca\u70ba\u5176\u8003\u91cf\u91cd\u9ede\u3002<br \/>\u570b\u6703\u4fc2\u70ba\u570b\u5bb6\u5168\u9ad4\u5229\u76ca\u800c\u9032\u884c\u554f\u984c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e4b\u6703\u8b70\uff0c\u6545\u70ba\u4e86\u5168\u9ad4\u5171\u540c\u4e4b\u7406\u60f3\u8207\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u4e0d\u61c9\u70ba\u5730\u65b9\u6210\u898b\u6240\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u61c9\u4ee5\u5171\u540c\u798f\u7949\u70ba\u6700\u5f8c\u4f9d\u6b78\u3002<br \/>\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u54e1\u4fc2\u6191\u85c9\u81ea\u8eab\u4e4b\u826f\u77e5\u8207\u5224\u65b7\u4ee5\u4f5c\u51fa\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e4b\u300c\u53d7\u8a17\u4eba\u300d(trustee)\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u4e8c\u3001\u6211\u570b\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u4e4b\u4ee3\u8868\u7406\u8ad6\u2500\u63a1\u300c\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4ee3\u8868\u8aaa\u300d<br \/>\u81ea\u884c\u653f\u6b0a\u8207\u7acb\u6cd5\u6b0a\u4e4b\u95dc\u4fc2\u4ee5\u89c0\uff1a<br \/>\u6211\u570b\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u9ad4\u5236\u63a1\u4e94\u9662\u5206\u5de5\u5236\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u884c\u653f\u9662\u9662\u9577\u8207\u5404\u90e8\u6703\u9996\u9577\u4fc2\u7531\u7e3d\u7d71\u7d93\u7531\u6cd5\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e88\u4ee5\u63d0\u540d\u53ca\u4efb\u547d\uff0c\u6545\u884c\u653f\u9662\u4e4b\u7d44\u6210\u5df2\u5177\u793e\u6703\u83c1\u82f1\u8207\u975e\u5730\u65b9\u5229\u76ca\u4e8c\u9805\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u5176\u6210\u70ba\u653f\u5e9c\u4e2d\u7d9c\u5408\u8655\u7406\u5168\u570b\u6027\u4e8b\u52d9\u4e4b\u91cd\u5fc3\u3002<br \/>\u6211\u570b\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u65bc\u7acb\u6cd5\u8207\u653f\u7b56\u4e4b\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\uff0c\u5927\u9ad4\u70ba\u5c31\u884c\u653f\u9662\u4e4b\u63d0\u6848\u9032\u884c\u5be9\u67e5\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6545\u5728\u6cd5\u6848\u5236\u5ea6\u8207\u570b\u5bb6\u5927\u653f\u65b9\u91dd\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e0a\uff0c\u5176\u89d2\u8272\u8f03\u70ba\u6709\u9650\u3002<br \/>\u5be6\u52d9\u4e0a\uff0c\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u65bc\u6848\u4ef6\u8655\u7406\u4e0a\uff0c\u660e\u986f\u5730\u7dad\u8b77\u5730\u65b9\u5229\u76ca\u4e4b\u60c5\u5f62\u4e26\u4e0d\u591a\u898b\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u570b\u4eba\u6c11\u4ea6\u671f\u8a31\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u4ea6\u70ba\u7531\u793e\u6703\u83c1\u82f1\u4efd\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u6240\u7d44\u6210\u4e4b\u5718\u9ad4\u3002<br \/>\u81ea\u6211\u570b\u61b2\u6cd5\u7b2c62\u689d\u4e4b\u898f\u5b9a\u800c\u8ad6\uff1a<br \/>\u6309\u300c\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u70ba\u570b\u5bb6\u6700\u9ad8\u7acb\u6cd5\u6a5f\u95dc\uff0c\u7531\u4eba\u6c11\u9078\u8209\u4e4b\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u7d44\u7e54\u4e4b\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u6c11\u884c\u4f7f\u7acb\u6cd5\u6b0a\u300d\uff0c\u61b2\u6cd5\u7b2c62\u689d\u4e4b\u660e\u5b9a\uff0c\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u7531\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u70ba\u6703\u8b70\u5236\u6a5f\u95dc\uff0c\u7531\u5168\u9ad4\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u5171\u540c\u884c\u4f7f\u7acb\u6cd5\u6b0a\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u4fc2\u7531\u4eba\u6c11\u9078\u8209\u4e4b\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u6c11\u884c\u4f7f\u7acb\u6cd5\u6b0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u50c5\u4ee3\u8868\u5176\u9078\u5340\u4e4b\u9078\u6c11\u800c\u5df2\u3002<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%e5%8f%83%e3%80%81%e7%ab%8b%e6%b3%95%e5%a7%94%e5%93%a1%e8%ba%ab%e5%88%86%e4%b8%8a%e4%b9%8b%e7%89%b9%e6%ac%8a\"><\/span>\u53c3\u3001\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u8eab\u5206\u4e0a\u4e4b\u7279\u6b0a<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u8a00\u8ad6\u514d\u8cac\u6b0a(legislative immunity)<br \/>\u610f\u7fa9\u8207\u76ee\u7684\uff1a<br \/>\u4fc2\u6307\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u54e1\u884c\u4f7f\u8077\u52d9\u4e4b\u884c\u70ba\u5177\u6709\u514d\u8cac\u6027\u3002\u6240\u8b02\u514d\u8cac\uff0c\u4e43\u6307\u4e0d\u88ab\u8ffd\u7a76\u4e00\u822c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u4e4b\u8cac\u4efb\u4e4b\u610f\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u5f97\u4ee5\u514d\u9664\u6c11\u4e8b\u6216\u5211\u4e8b\u4e4b\u8cac\u4efb\u3002<br \/>\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u5728\u6392\u9664\u5916\u754c\u4e4b\u5a01\u8105\u53ca\u5e72\u6d89\uff0c\u4ffe\u4f7f\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u54e1\u5f97\u4ee5\u7121\u6240\u9867\u5fcc\uff0c\u514b\u76e1\u5176\u8cac\uff0c\u800c\u5177\u6709\u4fdd\u8b77\u8b70\u6703\u4e4b\u5c0a\u56b4\u8207\u529f\u80fd\u3002<br \/>\u6211\u570b\u6cd5\u4e4b\u76f8\u95dc\u898f\u7bc4\uff1a<br \/>\u61b2\u6cd5\u7b2c73\u689d\uff1a\u300c\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u5728\u9662\u5167\u6240\u70ba\u4e4b\u8a00\u8ad6\u53ca\u8868\u6c7a\uff0c\u5c0d\u9662\u5916\u4e0d\u8ca0\u8cac\u4efb\u3002\u300d<br \/>\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u884c\u70ba\u6cd5\u7b2c12\u689d\uff1a\u300c\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u5728\u9662\u5167\u4f9d\u6cd5\u884c\u4f7f\u8077\u6b0a\u6240\u70ba\u4e4b\u8b70\u4e8b\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u4f9d\u61b2\u6cd5\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u4eab\u6709\u514d\u8cac\u6b0a\u3002\u300d<br \/>\u8aaa\u660e\uff1a<br \/>\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u65bc\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u5167\u6240\u70ba\u4e4b\u767c\u8a00\u3001\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6216\u8868\u6c7a\uff0c\u5c0d\u9662\u5916\u4e0d\u8ca0\u4efb\u4f55\u8cac\u4efb\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u56e0\u6bc0\u640d\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e4b\u540d\u8b7d\u7b49\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u800c\u53d7\u5211\u4e8b\u4e4b\u5236\u88c1\uff0c\u8ca0\u6c11\u4e8b\u640d\u5bb3\u8ce0\u511f\u8cac\u4efb\uff0c\u6291\u6216\u61f2\u6212\u6cd5\u898f\u5b9a\u4e4b\u61f2\u6212\u8cac\u4efb\u3002<br \/>\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u9662\u5167\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u5834\u6240\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u7d44\u7e54\u8077\u52d9\u4e4b\u610f\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u53c3\u8207\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u9662\u6703\u3001\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u6216\u6b63\u5f0f\u516c\u807d\u6703\u4e4b\u96c6\u6703\uff0c\u57f7\u884c\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u8077\u52d9\u4e4b\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u7136\u4e0d\u4ee5\u5728\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u9662\u5167\u958b\u6703\u8005\u70ba\u9650\u3002<br \/>\u6b64\u7279\u6b0a\u7bc4\u570d\u9650\u65bc\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u300c\u884c\u4f7f\u8077\u6b0a\u6240\u70ba\u4e4b\u8b70\u4e8b\u884c\u70ba\u53ca\u8207\u6b64\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u95dc\u4e4b\u9644\u96a8\u884c\u70ba\u300d\u3002\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u884c\u4f7f\u8077\u6b0a\u6240\u70ba\u4e4b\u8b70\u4e8b\u884c\u70ba\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u4ee5\u767c\u8a00\u3001\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6216\u8868\u6c7a\u70ba\u9650\uff0c\u60df\u61c9\u9650\u65bc\u9644\u96a8\u5728\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u65bc\u8077\u52d9\u4e0a\u6240\u70ba\u4e4b\u8a00\u8ad6\u53ca\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u5be6\u65bd\u4e00\u9ad4\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u4e4b\u884c\u70ba\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u4e4b\u4e8b\u9805\u3002<br \/>\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u5c0d\u9662\u5916\u4e0d\u8ca0\u8cac\u4efb\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u6240\u70ba\u4e4b\u8a00\u8ad6\u6216\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u5c0d\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u4ea6\u4e0d\u8ca0\u4efb\u4f55\u8cac\u4efb\u4e4b\u8b02\u3002\u82e5\u65bc\u9662\u5167\u6709\u4fae\u8fb1\u4ed6\u4eba\u6216\u4e0d\u7576\u8a00\u8ad6\u6642\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u7dad\u6301\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u4e4b\u7d00\u5f8b\u8d77\u898b\uff0c\u81ea\u53ef\u7531\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u4f9d\u5176\u81ea\u5f8b\u6b0a\u4e88\u4ee5\u5236\u88c1\u3002<br \/>\u5927\u6cd5\u5b98\u91cb\u5b57\u7b2c435\u865f\uff1a<br \/>\u61b2\u6cd5\u7b2c\u4e03\u5341\u4e09\u689d\u898f\u5b9a\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u5728\u9662\u5167\u6240\u70ba\u4e4b\u8a00\u8ad6\u53ca\u8868\u6c7a\uff0c\u5c0d\u9662\u5916\u4e0d\u8ca0\u8cac\u4efb\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u4fdd\u969c\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u53d7\u4eba\u6c11\u4ed8\u8a17\u4e4b\u8077\u52d9\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e26\u907f\u514d\u570b\u5bb6\u6700\u9ad8\u7acb\u6cd5\u6a5f\u95dc\u4e4b\u529f\u80fd\u906d\u81f4\u5176\u4ed6\u570b\u5bb6\u6a5f\u95dc\u4e4b\u5e72\u64fe\u800c\u53d7\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<br \/>\u70ba\u78ba\u4fdd\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u884c\u4f7f\u8077\u6b0a\u7121\u6240\u77bb\u9867\uff0c\u6b64\u9805\u8a00\u8ad6\u514d\u8cac\u6b0a\u4e4b\u4fdd\u969c\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u61c9\u4f5c\u6700\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e4b\u754c\u5b9a\uff0c\u8209\u51e1\u5728\u9662\u6703\u6216\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u4e4b\u767c\u8a00\u3001\u8cea\u8a62\u3001\u63d0\u6848\u3001\u8868\u6c7a\u4ee5\u53ca\u8207\u6b64\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u95dc\u4e4b\u9644\u96a8\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u5982\u9662\u5167\u9ee8\u5718\u5354\u5546\u3001\u516c\u807d\u6703\u4e4b\u767c\u8a00\u7b49\u5747\u5c6c\u61c9\u4e88\u4fdd\u969c\u4e4b\u4e8b\u9805\u3002<br \/>\u8d8a\u6b64\u7bc4\u570d\u8207\u884c\u4f7f\u8077\u6b0a\u7121\u95dc\u4e4b\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u8af8\u5982\u84c4\u610f\u4e4b\u80a2\u9ad4\u52d5\u4f5c\u7b49\uff0c\u986f\u7136\u4e0d\u7b26\u610f\u898b\u8868\u9054\u4e4b\u9069\u7576\u60c5\u7bc0\u81f4\u4fb5\u5bb3\u4ed6\u4eba\u6cd5\u76ca\u8005\uff0c\u81ea\u4e0d\u5728\u61b2\u6cd5\u4e0a\u958b\u689d\u6587\u4fdd\u969c\u4e4b\u5217\u3002<br \/>\u81f3\u65bc\u5177\u9ad4\u500b\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u4e4b\u884c\u70ba\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u903e\u8d8a\u4fdd\u969c\u4e4b\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u65bc\u7dad\u6301\u8b70\u4e8b\u904b\u4f5c\u4e4b\u9650\u5ea6\u5167\uff0c\u56fa\u61c9\u5c0a\u91cd\u8b70\u6703\u81ea\u5f8b\u4e4b\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u60df\u53f8\u6cd5\u6a5f\u95dc\u70ba\u7dad\u8b77\u793e\u6703\u79e9\u5e8f\u53ca\u88ab\u5bb3\u4eba\u6b0a\u76ca\uff0c\u65bc\u5fc5\u8981\u6642\u4ea6\u975e\u4e0d\u5f97\u4f9d\u6cd5\u884c\u4f7f\u5075\u5be9\u4e4b\u6b0a\u9650\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u4e8c\u3001\u4e0d\u53d7\u902e\u6355\u7279\u6b0a<br \/><br \/>\u610f\u7fa9\u8207\u76ee\u7684\uff1a<br \/>\u4fc2\u6307\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u54e1\u5728\u8b70\u6703\u958b\u6703\u4e2d\u4eab\u6709\u514d\u53d7\u902e\u6355\u548c\u7f88\u62bc\u4e4b\u81ea\u7531(freedom from arrest)\uff0c\u800c\u65bc\u6703\u671f\u5916\u4e26\u7121\u6b64\u9805\u7279\u6b0a\uff0c\u53c8\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u9650\u5236\u8ffd\u8a34\u6b0a\u300d\u3002<br \/>\u9650\u5236\u8ffd\u8a34\u6b0a\u4e4b\u76ee\u7684\u8207\u4efb\u52d9\uff0c\u4fc2\u5728\u884c\u653f\u6b0a\u8207\u7acb\u6cd5\u6b0a\u4e8c\u6b0a\u5206\u7acb\u9593\u6240\u5b58\u5728\u4e4b\u7dca\u5f35\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e0b\uff0c\u7acb\u6cd5\u6b0a\u65bc\u9762\u5c0d\u5f37\u52e2\u4e4b\u884c\u653f\u6b0a\u6642\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u4fdd\u969c\u570b\u6703\u4e4b\u6b63\u5e38\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u7dad\u8b77\u6b0a\u529b\u5206\u7acb\u3002<br \/>\u82e5\u8981\u4f7f\u570b\u6703\u5f97\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d7\u5e72\u64fe\u5730\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u5373\u5fc5\u9808\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u54e1\u80fd\u5920\u9806\u5229\u51fa\u5e2d\u6703\u8b70\u3002\u4e0d\u53d7\u902e\u6355\u7279\u6b0a\u4e4b\u610f\u6db5\uff0c\u5728\u65bc\u4fdd\u8b77\u8b70\u6703\u4e4b\u5c0a\u56b4\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u57fa\u6b64\uff0c\u5176\u70ba\u8b70\u6703\u4e4b\u7279\u6b0a\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u54e1\u4e4b\u500b\u4eba\u6b0a\u5229\u3002<br \/>\u6211\u570b\u6cd5\u4e4b\u76f8\u95dc\u898f\u7bc4\uff1a<br \/>\u61b2\u6cd5\uff1a<br \/>\u61b2\u6cd5\u589e\u4fee\u689d\u6587\u7b2c4\u689d\u7b2c8\u9805\uff1a\u300c\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u9664\u73fe\u884c\u72af\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u6703\u671f\u4e2d\uff0c\u975e\u7d93\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u8a31\u53ef\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u902e\u6355\u6216\u62d8\u7981\u3002\u61b2\u6cd5\u7b2c\u4e03\u5341\u56db\u689d\u4e4b\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u505c\u6b62\u9069\u7528\u3002\u300d<br \/>\u6309\u300c\u6240\u8b02\u300e\u902e\u6355\u300f\uff0c\u4fc2\u6307\u4ee5\u5f37\u5236\u529b\u5c07\u4eba\u4e4b\u8eab\u9ad4\u81ea\u7531\u4e88\u4ee5\u62d8\u675f\u4e4b\u610f\uff1b\u800c\u300e\u62d8\u7981\u300f\u5247\u6307\u62d8\u675f\u4eba\u8eab\u4e4b\u81ea\u7531\u4f7f\u5176\u96e3\u65bc\u812b\u96e2\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a7a\u9593\u4e4b\u8b02\uff0c\u5747\u5c6c\u525d\u596a\u4eba\u8eab\u81ea\u7531\u614b\u6a23\u4e4b\u4e00\u7a2e\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u5211\u4e8b\u8a34\u8a1f\u6cd5\u4e0a\u6240\u898f\u5b9a\u4e4b\u300e\u62d8\u63d0\u300f\u4e91\u8005\uff0c\u4e43\u65bc\u4e00\u5b9a\u671f\u9593\u5167\u62d8\u675f\u88ab\u544a(\u72af\u7f6a\u5acc\u7591\u4eba)\u4e4b\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5f37\u5236\u5176\u5230\u5834\u4e4b\u8655\u5206\uff1b\u800c\u300e\u7f88\u62bc\u300f\u5247\u4fc2\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u8a34\u8a1f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9806\u5229\u9032\u884c\u70ba\u76ee\u7684\u4e4b\u4e00\u7a2e\u4fdd\u5168\u63aa\u7f6e\uff0c\u5373\u62d8\u675f\u88ab\u544a(\u72af\u7f6a\u5acc\u7591\u4eba)\u8eab\u9ad4\u81ea\u7531\u4e4b\u5f37\u5236\u8655\u5206\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u4e4b\u6536\u62bc\u65bc\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e4b\u8655\u6240(\u770b\u5b88\u6240)\u3002\u6545\u5c31\u525d\u596a\u4eba\u8eab\u4e4b\u81ea\u7531\u8a00\uff0c\u62d8\u63d0\u8207\u902e\u6355\u7121\u6b8a\uff0c\u7f88\u62bc\u8207\u62d8\u7981\u7121\u7570\u300d\uff0c\u5927\u6cd5\u5b98\u91cb\u5b57\u7b2c392\u865f\u89e3\u91cb\u7406\u7531\u66f8\u4e4b\u898b\u89e3\uff0c\u5211\u4e8b\u8a34\u8a1f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0a\u4e4b\u7f88\u62bc\u5c6c\u65bc\u62d8\u7981\uff0c\u6545\u82e5\u53f8\u6cd5\u6a5f\u95dc\u65bc\u6703\u671f\u4e2d\u88c1\u5b9a\u7f88\u62bc\u67d0\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\uff0c\u5373\u61c9\u7d93\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u4e4b\u540c\u610f\u65b9\u5f97\u70ba\u4e4b\u3002<br \/>\u5211\u4e8b\u8a34\u8a1f\u6cd5\uff1a<br \/>\u5211\u4e8b\u8a34\u8a1f\u6cd5\u7b2c93\u689d\u898f\u5b9a\u63a1\u300c\u62d8\u63d0\u3001\u902e\u6355\u524d\u7f6e\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300d\u3002<br \/>\u82e5\u6aa2\u5bdf\u5b98\u5c1a\u672a\u7d93\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u8a31\u53ef\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5373\u5411\u6cd5\u9662\u8072\u8acb\u88c1\u5b9a\u7f88\u62bc\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u82e5\u6cd5\u5b98\u5728\u5c1a\u672a\u6709\u62d8\u63d0\u6216\u902e\u6355\u4e4b\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\u5373\u540c\u610f\u88c1\u5b9a\u7f88\u62bc\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u5c1a\u672a\u80fd\u5be9\u67e5\u62d8\u63d0\u6216\u902e\u6355\u4e4b\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u524d\uff0c\u5373\u540c\u610f\u7f88\u62bc\uff0c\u7686\u5df2\u660e\u986f\u9055\u53cd\u62d8\u63d0\u3001\u902e\u6355\u524d\u7f6e\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e4b\u6cd5\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u6309\u300c\u4eba\u6c11\u8eab\u9ad4\u4e4b\u81ea\u7531\u61c9\u4e88\u4fdd\u969c\u3002\u9664\u73fe\u884c\u72af\u4e4b\u902e\u6355\u7531\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53e6\u5b9a\u5916\uff0c\u975e\u7d93\u53f8\u6cd5\u6216\u8b66\u5bdf\u6a5f\u95dc\u4f9d\u6cd5\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u902e\u6355\u62d8\u7981\u3002\u975e\u7531\u6cd5\u9662\u4f9d\u6cd5\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u5be9\u554f\u8655\u7f70\u3002\u975e\u4f9d\u6cd5\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u902e\u6355\u3001\u62d8\u7981\u3001\u5be9\u554f\u3001\u8655\u7f70\uff0c\u5f97\u62d2\u7d55\u4e4b\u300d\uff0c\u61b2\u6cd5\u7b2c8\u689d\u7b2c1\u9805\u4e4b\u660e\u5b9a\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u8a72\u7f88\u62bc\u7a0b\u5e8f\u975e\u4f9d\u6cd5\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u70ba\u4e4b\uff0c\u6545\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u81ea\u5f97\u4e88\u4ee5\u62d2\u7d55\u5176\u8a31\u53ef\u4e4b\u8acb\u6c42\u3002<br \/>\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u5c0d\u65bc\u8acb\u6c42\u62d8\u63d0\u3001\u902e\u6355\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\uff0c\u5176\u8a31\u53ef\u8207\u5426\u4e4b\u88c1\u91cf\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u5b9c\u81ea\u5176\u62d8\u63d0\u6216\u902e\u6355\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u6b63\u7576\u7406\u7531\u800c\u70ba\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53f8\u6cd5\u6a5f\u95dc\u5728\u8acb\u6c42\u6642\uff0c\u61c9\u5c07\u7cfb\u722d\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u6240\u6d89\u5acc\u72af\u7f6a\u4e4b\u76f8\u95dc\u4e8b\u8b49\u901a\u77e5\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f5c\u70ba\u5176\u51c6\u5426\u8a31\u53ef\u4e4b\u4f9d\u64da\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u9808\u5f97\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u4e4b\u8a31\u53ef\uff0c\u5373\u53f8\u6cd5\u6a5f\u95dc\u5728\u767c\u51fa\u62d8\u7968\u524d\uff0c\u61c9\u5411\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u63d0\u51fa\u8acb\u6c42\u66f8\u3002<br \/>\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u70ba\u8a31\u53ef\u6642\u5f97\u5426\u9644\u52a0\u689d\u4ef6\u6216\u671f\u9650\uff0c\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e8c\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5b78\u8aaa\u898b\u89e3\uff1a<br \/>\u6709\u6b63\u7576\u7406\u7531\u6642\u61c9\u70ba\u8a31\u53ef\u4e4b\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u5f97\u9644\u52a0\u689d\u4ef6\u6216\u671f\u9650\uff1a<br \/>\u5c0d\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u54e1\u4e4b\u62d8\u63d0\u3001\u902e\u6355\u4ee5\u6709\u7121\u6b63\u7576\u7406\u7531\u4f5c\u70ba\u5224\u6e96\uff0c\u4e14\u65bc\u70ba\u8a31\u53ef\u4e4b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6642\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u9644\u52a0\u4efb\u4f55\u689d\u4ef6\u6216\u671f\u9650\u3002<br \/>\u6709\u6b63\u7576\u7406\u7531\u6642\u96d6\u70ba\u8a31\u53ef\u4e4b\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u5f97\u9644\u52a0\u689d\u4ef6\u6216\u671f\u9650\uff1a<br \/>\u81ea\u570b\u6703\u904b\u4f5c\u4e4b\u76ee\u7684\u4ee5\u89c0\uff0c\u61c9\u5f97\u9644\u52a0\u689d\u4ef6\u6216\u671f\u9650\u3002\u6211\u570b\u516c\u6cd5\u5b78\u8005\u6797\u7d00\u6771\u6559\u6388\u5373\u63a1\u6b64\u898b\u89e3\u3002<br \/>\u81f3\u65bc\u9662\u5167\u4e4b\u73fe\u884c\u72af\uff0c\u5247\u5c6c\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u9577\u4e4b\u8b66\u5bdf\u6b0a\u7bc4\u7587\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528\u62d8\u63d0\u6216\u902e\u6355\u624b\u6bb5\u518d\u5c07\u5176\u4ea4\u7531\u53f8\u6cd5\u6a5f\u95dc\u6216\u662f\u66ab\u4e88\u62d8\u675f\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u4fc2\u4f9d\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u9577\u4e4b\u300c\u547d\u4ee4\u300d\u70ba\u4e4b\u3002\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u9577\u70ba\u6c42\u614e\u91cd\u8d77\u898b\uff0c\u4ea6\u5f97\u8aee\u8a62\u5927\u6703\u5f8c\u800c\u70ba\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%e6%b3%95%e6%a2%9d%e8%a9%9e%e8%aa%9e%e4%b9%8b%e9%81%8b%e7%94%a8\"><\/span>\u6cd5\u689d\u8a5e\u8a9e\u4e4b\u904b\u7528<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%e5%a3%b9%e3%80%81%e6%b3%95%e6%a2%9d%e8%a9%9e%e8%aa%9e%e4%b9%8b%e6%a6%82%e5%bf%b5\"><\/span>\u58f9\u3001\u6cd5\u689d\u8a5e\u8a9e\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u6cd5\u689d\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5<br \/>\u300c\u6cd5\u689d\u300d(Gesetz)\u4e0d\u7b49\u65bc\u300c\u6cd5\u300d(Recht)\uff0c\u6b64\u89c0\u8af8\u6c11\u6cd5\u7b2c1\u689d\u898f\u5b9a\uff1a\u300c\u6c11\u4e8b\uff0c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6240\u672a\u898f\u5b9a\u8005\uff0c\u4f9d\u7fd2\u6163\uff1b\u7121\u7fd2\u6163\u8005\uff0c\u4f9d\u6cd5\u7406\u3002\u300d\u5373\u53ef\u77e5\u3002\u84cb\u6709\u6cd5\u689d\u4e4b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6709\u4e4b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u6210\u6587\u6cd5\uff1b\u7121\u6cd5\u689d\u4e4b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4ea6\u6709\u4e4b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u7fd2\u6163\u6cd5\u3001\u6cd5\u7406\u7b49\u3002<br \/>\u300c\u6cd5\u300d\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a<br \/>\u61c9\u7406\u89e3\u70ba\u4fc2\u5728\u4eba\u985e\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u5728\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u4e4b\u500b\u4eba\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u516c\u5e73\u3001\u6b63\u7fa9\u3001\u7406\u6027\u8207\u5177\u9ad4\u7b49\u7279\u8cea\u3002\u6cd5\u5fc5\u9808\u4ee5\u898f\u7bc4\u70ba\u5c0e\u5411\uff0c\u4f46\u7d55\u4e0d\u7b49\u65bc\u898f\u7bc4\u3002<br \/>\u300c\u6cd5\u689d\u300d\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a<br \/>\u4fc2\u6307\u7531\u7acb\u6cd5\u8005\u900f\u904e\u5be6\u8b49\u5316\u6240\u8868\u793a\u51fa\u4e4b\u898f\u7bc4\uff0c\u6545\u6cd5\u689d\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u6cd5\u4e4b\u5167\u6db5\uff0c\u4f46\u4ea6\u4e0d\u6392\u9664\u6709\u6096\u96e2\u6cd5\u4e4b\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<br \/>\u4e8c\u3001\u6cd5\u689d\u8a5e\u8a9e\u904b\u7528\u4e4b\u610f\u7fa9<br \/>\u8a5e\u8a9e\u904b\u7528\uff0c\u4fc2\u6307\u53e5\u5b50\u578b\u614b\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5373\u5b89\u6392\u9069\u7576\u4e4b\u8a5e\u8a9e\u4ee5\u8868\u9054\u5b8c\u6574\u53e5\u5b50\u4e4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6cd5\u689d\u8a5e\u8a9e\u904b\u7528\uff0c\u4fc2\u6307\u904b\u7528\u9069\u7576\u8a5e\u8a9e\u4ee5\u64ec\u5b9a\u6cd5\u898f\u689d\u6587\u4e4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<br \/>\u6cd5\u898f\u6709\u5176\u7368\u7279\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4ea6\u6709\u5176\u7368\u5177\u4e4b\u9ad4\u88c1\u8207\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u6545\u6cd5\u689d\u8a5e\u8a9e\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5176\u63a8\u7406\u4e0a\u4e4b\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u8207\u5c0f\u8aaa\u3001\u53f2\u5b78\u3001\u6587\u5b78\u6216\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u4e4b\u8a5e\u8a9e\u9ad4\u88c1\u8207\u683c\u5f0f\u6709\u6240\u5dee\u7570\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u6cd5\u689d\u5b9a\u578b\u5316\u898f\u7bc4\u610f\u7fa9\u4e4b\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4fc2\u8457\u91cd\u65bc\u7cbe\u78ba\u610f\u7fa9\u4e4b\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%e8%b2%b3%e3%80%81%e6%b3%95%e6%a2%9d%e8%a9%9e%e8%aa%9e%e9%81%8b%e7%94%a8%e4%b9%8b%e5%8e%9f%e5%89%87\"><\/span>\u8cb3\u3001\u6cd5\u689d\u8a5e\u8a9e\u904b\u7528\u4e4b\u539f\u5247<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u7b26\u5408\u6cd5\u4ee4\u6587\u4e4b\u6587\u7ae0\u69cb\u9020<br \/>\u4eba\u5011\u5728\u8a9e\u8a00\u904b\u7528\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u4ea4\u969b\u7bc4\u570d\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8207\u8a9e\u5883\u4e4b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u4e4b\u4e0d\u540c\u8a9e\u8a00\u9ad4\u5f0f\u7a31\u300c\u8a9e\u9ad4\u300d\u3002\u8a9e\u9ad4\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u8ac7\u8a71\u8a9e\u9ad4\u8207\u66f8\u9762\u8a9e\u9ad4\uff0c\u800c\u66f8\u9762\u8a9e\u9ad4\u53c8\u5206\u70ba\u6587\u85dd\u8a9e\u9ad4\u3001\u79d1\u6280\u8a9e\u9ad4\u3001\u653f\u8ad6\u8a9e\u9ad4\u3001\u516c\u6587\u8a9e\u9ad4\uff0c\u6309\u6cd5\u898f\u5c6c\u516c\u6587\u66f8\u4e4b\u4e00\u7a2e\uff0c\u6545\u61c9\u5c6c\u65bc\u300c\u516c\u6587\u8a9e\u9ad4\u300d\u3002<br \/>\u6cd5\u4ee4\u6587\u4fc2\u6cd5\u898f\u7bc4\u4e4b\u6587\u7ae0\u5316\uff0c\u4fc2\u5c6c\u516c\u6587\u8a9e\u9ad4\uff0c\u800c\u6cd5\u4ee4\u6587\u5177\u6709\u8ad6\u7406\u6027\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u6027\u3001\u7c21\u6f54\u6027\u3001\u660e\u78ba\u6027\u3001\u985e\u578b\u6027\u7b49\u7279\u8cea\u3002\u5c07\u6cd5\u898f\u7bc4\u4e4b\u5167\u5bb9\u8b8a\u6210\u6587\u7ae0\u4fc2\u6cd5\u4ee4\u6587\u4e4b\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5c07\u767c\u751f\u65bc\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\uff0c\u6291\u6216\u9810\u6e2c\u5373\u5c07\u767c\u751f\u4e4b\u5404\u7a2e\u4e8b\u52d9\uff0c\u8ad6\u7406\u5730\u6574\u7406\u5f8c\uff0c\u6392\u9664\u4e00\u5207\u591a\u9918\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u7c21\u6f54\u660e\u77ad\u5730\u8868\u73fe\u5176\u8981\u4ef6\u8207\u529f\u80fd\u3002<br \/>\u6cd5\u689d\u8a5e\u8a9e\u904b\u7528\u70ba\u7b26\u5408\u6cd5\u4ee4\u6587\u4e4b\u6587\u7ae0\u69cb\u9020\uff0c\u9808\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b6\u9ede\uff1a<br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u516c\u6587\u7279\u6b8a\u8a5e\u5f59\u3002<br \/>\u5584\u7528\u53e5\u6cd5\u3002<br \/>\u614e\u7528\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u3002<br \/>\u5584\u7528\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff0c\u4ffe\u4f7f\u4efb\u610f\u898f\u5b9a\u6216\u5f37\u884c\u898f\u5b9a\u5f97\u4ee5\u660e\u78ba\u5206\u8fa8\u3002<br \/>\u5584\u7528\u95dc\u4fc2\u8a5e\u3002<br \/>\u5584\u7528\u865b\u8a5e\u300c\u4e4b\u300d\u5b57\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u4e8c\u3001\u8fa8\u6790\u8a5e\u8a9e\u4e4b\u610f\u7fa9<br \/><br \/>\u6bcf\u500b\u8a5e\u8a9e\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u7279\u5b9a\u542b\u7fa9\uff0c\u5c0d\u8a5e\u8a9e\u7406\u89e3\u932f\u8aa4\u6216\u4e0d\u5920\u6e96\u78ba\uff0c\u5747\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u8a9e\u8a00\u8868\u9054\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u6545\u8fa8\u6790\u8a5e\u8a9e\u4e4b\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u70ba\u9020\u53e5\u4e4b\u5148\u6c7a\u689d\u4ef6\u3002<br \/>\u5c31\u540c\u7fa9\u8a5e\u610f\u7fa9\u4e4b\u8fa8\u6790\uff0c\u61c9\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e4b\u554f\u984c\uff1a<br \/>\u8b58\u5225\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u7fa9\u9805\uff1a<br \/>\u4e00\u500b\u8a5e\u8868\u793a\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53ea\u4e00\u500b\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5305\u542b\u5e7e\u500b\u7fa9\u9805\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u540c\u7fa9\u8a5e\u4e4b\u9593\u9664\u4e86\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7fa9\u9805\u5916\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4ea6\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7fa9\u9805\u3002\u6b32\u7cbe\u78ba\u5730\u638c\u63e1\u540c\u7fa9\u8a5e\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u9808\u6ce8\u610f\u8b58\u5225\u5f7c\u6b64\u9593\u7fa9\u9805\u4e4b\u5dee\u7570\u3002<br \/>\u540c\u7fa9\u8a5e\u82e5\u4f9d\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u8912\u7fa9\u3001\u8cb6\u7fa9\u3001\u4e2d\u6027\u4e09\u7a2e\u3002\u8cea\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u540c\u7fa9\u8a5e\u6240\u5305\u542b\u4e4b\u57fa\u672c\u610f\u7fa9\u96d6\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u611f\u60c5\u8272\u5f69\u5247\u6709\u6240\u5dee\u7570\u3002<br \/>\u8861\u91cf\u8a9e\u7fa9\u4e4b\u8f15\u91cd\uff1a<br \/>\u6709\u4e9b\u540c\u7fa9\u8a5e\u4e4b\u7d30\u5fae\u5dee\u7570\u4fc2\u8868\u73fe\u65bc\u8a9e\u7fa9\u4e4b\u8f15\u91cd\u4e0a\u9762\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u73cd\u60dc\u70ba\u73cd\u91cd\u611b\u60dc\uff0c\u5176\u6bd4\u611b\u60dc\u4e4b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u70ba\u91cd\uff1b\u59a8\u7919\u50c5\u70ba\u5c0d\u4eba\u6216\u4e8b\u7269\u9020\u6210\u4e0d\u5229\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u800c\u59a8\u5bb3\u4fc2\u9020\u6210\u640d\u5bb3\uff0c\u5176\u8a9e\u7fa9\u6bd4\u59a8\u7919\u70ba\u91cd\u3002<br \/>\u638c\u63e1\u7bc4\u570d\u4e4b\u5927\u5c0f\uff1a<br \/>\u8981\u7528\u8a9e\u6070\u7576\uff0c\u5c1a\u9808\u6ce8\u610f\u8a5e\u7fa9\u7bc4\u570d\u4e4b\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u6027\u8cea\u8207\u54c1\u8cea\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u8005\u7686\u70ba\u300c\u5c6c\u6027\u300d\u6b64\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\u6027\u8cea\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u4e00\u5207\u4e8b\u7269\u4e4b\u5c6c\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u54c1\u8cea\u5247\u50c5\u6307\u4eba\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u7cbe\u795e\u4fee\u990a\u4e0a\u4e4b\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u7bc4\u570d\u5927\u5c0f\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3002<br \/>\u5206\u6e05\u4f7f\u7528\u4e4b\u5c0d\u8c61\uff1a<br \/>\u6709\u4e9b\u540c\u7fa9\u8a5e\uff0c\u5404\u6709\u5176\u9069\u61c9\u4e4b\u4f7f\u7528\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u61c9\u914d\u7f6e\u9069\u7576\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6709\u4e9b\u540c\u7fa9\u8a5e\uff0c\u96d6\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u9069\u61c9\u4e4b\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u537b\u6709\u4e0a\u4e0b\u5167\u5916\u4e4b\u5206\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u4e09\u3001\u8b1b\u7a76\u8a5e\u8a9e\u4e4b\u7c21\u6f54(simplicity)<br \/><br \/>\u7c21\u6f54\u4fc2\u8a9e\u8a00\u904b\u7528\u4e4b\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u61c9\u529b\u6c42\u6700\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e4b\u8a9e\u8a00\u8868\u9054\u6700\u8c50\u5bcc\u4e4b\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u505a\u5230\u8a00\u7c21\u610f\u8cc5\u3002\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e4b\u7c21\u6f54\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u66f4\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u6e96\u78ba\u53ca\u9bae\u660e\u5730\u8868\u9054\u601d\u60f3\u3002<br \/>\u8a5e\u8a9e\u662f\u5426\u7c21\u6f54\uff0c\u7acb\u6cd5\u6280\u8853\u5c08\u5bb6\u8a8d\u70ba\u5f97\u5f9e\u4ee5\u4e0b4\u500b\u7279\u8cea\u52a0\u4ee5\u6aa2\u9a57\uff1a<br \/>\u7d93\u6fdf(economy)\u3002<br \/>\u76f4\u63a5(directness)\u3002<br \/>\u719f\u6089\u8a9e\u8a00(familiarity of language)\u3002<br \/>\u9069\u7576\u5b89\u6392(orderliness)\u3002<br \/>\u6cd5\u689d\u8a5e\u8a9e\u4e4b\u904b\u7528\u91cd\u5728\u5e73\u92ea\u76f4\u6558\uff0c\u4e0d\u63a1\u59d4\u5a49\u66f2\u6298\u4e4b\u9673\u8ff0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u51e1\u4e00\u5b57\u5df2\u8db3\u8868\u793a\u5176\u610f\u7fa9\u8005\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u5fc5\u518d\u6feb\u7528\u8a5e\u8a9e\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5f9e\u6d88\u6975\u9762\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u61c9\u6ce8\u610f\u907f\u514d\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7528\u8a5e\u91cd\u8907\u4e4b\u60c5\u5f62\u51fa\u73fe\uff1a<br \/>\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u8a5e\u8a9e\u5728\u53e5\u4e2d\u91cd\u8907\u51fa\u73fe\u3002<br \/>\u540c\u7fa9\u8a5e\u5728\u53e5\u4e2d\u53cd\u8986\u51fa\u73fe\u3002<br \/>\u4e00\u500b\u8a5e\u8a9e\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u8a5e\u8a9e\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u9019\u4e8c\u500b\u8a5e\u8a9e\u5728\u53e5\u4e2d\u540c\u6642\u51fa\u73fe\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u56db\u3001\u529b\u6c42\u8a5e\u8a9e\u4e4b\u660e\u78ba(accuracy)\u2500\u6cd5\u5f8b\u660e\u78ba\u6027\u539f\u5247<br \/><br \/>\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5167\u5bb9\u4e4b\u660e\u78ba\u6027\u8207\u5408\u5b9c\u6027\uff0c\u4fc2\u6210\u529f\u5730\u57f7\u884c\u653f\u7b56\u4e4b\u5148\u6c7a\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u70ba\u7acb\u6cd5\u6280\u8853\u4e4b\u7b2c\u4e00\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u624d\u662f\u7c21\u6f54\u3002<br \/>\u660e\u78ba\uff0c\u5373\u5305\u542b\u660e\u767d\u8207\u6b63\u78ba\u4e4b\u610f\u3002\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u4fc2\u4ee5\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u80fd\u77ad\u89e3\u8005\u70ba\u9650\uff1b\u6b63\u78ba\uff0c\u4fc2\u6307\u4f7f\u7528\u4e4b\u8a5e\u8a9e\u6070\u80fd\u7b26\u5408\u5ba2\u89c0\u4e8b\u7269\u4e4b\u539f\u672c\u9762\u76ee\uff0c\u8868\u73fe\u6cd5\u898f\u4e4b\u610f\u65e8\uff0c\u4e0d\u81f4\u6709\u542b\u7cca\u6216\u6a21\u7a1c\u5169\u53ef\u4e4b\u60c5\u5f62\u3002<br \/>\u70ba\u6c42\u8a5e\u8a9e\u4e4b\u660e\u78ba\uff0c\u61c9\u6ce8\u610f\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u7b26\u865f\u5316\u6587\u5b57(symbolic words)\u3002\u7b26\u865f\u5316\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u4fc2\u6307\u4ee5\u6587\u5b57\u7b26\u865f\u4ee3\u8868\u67d0\u4e9b\u601d\u60f3\u9ad4\u7cfb\uff0c\u7528\u4e4b\u89e3\u91cb\u5176\u8907\u96dc\u8207\u62bd\u8c61\u4e4b\u7406\u8ad6\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u5171\u7522\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u6975\u6b0a\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u65b0\u805e\u81ea\u7531\u7b49\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u4e94\u3001\u91cd\u8996\u8a5e\u8a9e\u4e4b\u56b4\u8b39(precision)<br \/><br \/>\u56b4\u8b39\u4fc2\u6307\u7528\u5b57\u78ba\u5207\u56b4\u5bc6\u5468\u8a73\uff0c\u524d\u5f8c\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u7121\u61c8\u53ef\u64ca\uff0c\u5176\u542b\u7fa9\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e4b\u69cb\u9020\u4e0a\u4e0d\u53e6\u70ba\u5176\u4ed6\u89e3\u91cb\u3002<br \/>\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\uff0c\u7acb\u6cd5\u8005\u61c9\u6309\u7167\u5be6\u969b\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u6240\u7406\u89e3\u4e4b\u542b\u7fa9\u4f86\u6e96\u78ba\u4f7f\u7528\u8a9e\u8a00\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u6cd5\u898f\u7528\u8a9e\uff0c\u61c9\u76e1\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u6163\u7528\u4e4b\u8a9e\u53e5\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u523b\u610f\u4f7f\u7528\u51b7\u50fb\u4e4b\u6587\u5b57\u3002<br \/>\u7531\u65bc\u6c11\u65cf\u9593\u4e4b\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u6c11\u65cf\u5f80\u5f80\u8981\u5f9e\u5176\u4ed6\u6c11\u65cf\u8a9e\u8a00\u88e1\u5438\u6536\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fc5\u8981\u8a5e\u8a9e\u3002<br \/>\u70ba\u4f7f\u6cd5\u689d\u610f\u65e8\u660e\u78ba\u986f\u73fe\uff0c\u9664\u7528\u8a5e\u8981\u907f\u514d\u8271\u6f80\u51b7\u50fb\u5916\uff0c\u82e5\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u66f4\u901a\u4fd7\u6613\u66c9\u4e4b\u8a5e\u8a9e\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u6642\uff0c\u300c\u5c08\u9580\u8853\u8a9e\u300d\u61c9\u76e1\u91cf\u6e1b\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u6cd5\u689d\u8a5e\u8a9e\u82e5\u5fc5\u9808\u4f7f\u7528\u5c08\u9580\u8853\u8a9e\u6642\uff0c\u61c9\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u539f\u5247\uff1a<br \/>\u76e1\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u8a8d\u77e5\u4e4b\u6280\u8853\u6027\u5c08\u9580\u8853\u8a9e\u3002<br \/>\u6ce8\u610f\u5c08\u9580\u8853\u8a9e\u4e4b\u55ae\u7fa9\u6027\u8207\u9ad4\u7cfb\u6027\u3002<br \/>\u5c08\u9580\u8853\u8a9e\u61c9\u4f9d\u5c08\u5bb6\u4e4b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u8aaa\u660e\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u516d\u3001\u9075\u5faa\u7d71\u4e00\u7528\u5b57\u7528\u8a9e\u4e4b\u898f\u5b9a<br \/><br \/>\u6cd5\u898f\u70ba\u516c\u6587\u8a9e\u9ad4\uff0c\u7528\u5b57\u9063\u8a5e\u61c9\u529b\u6c42\u4e00\u8cab(consistency)\u8207\u7d71\u4e00(uniformity)\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u6587\u5b57\u5728\u5168\u90e8\u6cd5\u689d\u88e1\u5fc5\u9808\u8868\u793a\u540c\u4e00\u89c0\u5ff5\u6216\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6cd5\u898f\u4e0d\u540c\u6cd5\u689d\u4e0a\uff0c\u82e5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u8a5e\u8a9e\uff0c\u5728\u6cd5\u898f\u89e3\u91cb\u4e0a\u61c9\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u540c\u542b\u7fa9\u3002<br \/>\u7acb\u6cd5\u6163\u7528\u8a9e\u8a5e\u53ca\u6a19\u9ede\u7b26\u865f\uff1a<br \/>\u8a9e\u8a5e\uff1a<br \/>\u689d\u6587\u4e2d\u5982\u50c5\u6709\u4e00\u9023\u63a5\u8a5e\u6642\uff0c\u9808\u7528\u300c\u53ca\u300d\u5b57\uff1b\u5982\u6709\u4e8c\u500b\u9023\u63a5\u8a5e\u6642\uff0c\u5247\u4e0a\u7528\u300c\u8207\u300d\u5b57\uff0c\u4e0b\u7528\u300c\u53ca\u300d\u5b57\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u300c\u66a8\u300d\u5b57\u4f5c\u70ba\u9023\u63a5\u8a5e\u3002<br \/>\u689d\u6587\u4e2d\u4e4b\u300c\u7701\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u300d\u6216\u300c\u7701\u653f\u5e9c\u53ca\u76f4\u8f44\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u300d\u7528\u8a9e\uff0c\u5747\u6539\u70ba\u300c\u7701\uff08\u5e02\uff09\u653f\u5e9c\u300d\u3002\u4f9d\u6b64\u9ad4\u4f8b\u5c07\u300c\u7e23\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u300d\u6539\u70ba\u300c\u7e23\uff08\u5e02\uff09\u653f\u5e9c\u300d\uff1b\u5c07\u300c\u9109\u3001\u93ae\u516c\u6240\u300d\u6539\u70ba\u300c\u9109\uff08\u93ae\uff09\u516c\u6240\u300d\uff1b\u5c07\u300c\u9109\u3001\u93ae\uff08\u7e23\u8f44\u5e02\uff09\u516c\u6240\u300d\u6539\u70ba\u300c\u9109\uff08\u93ae\u3001\u5e02\uff09\u516c\u6240\u300d\uff1b\u5c07\u300c\u9109\u3001\u93ae\uff08\u5e02\uff09\u3001\u5340\u516c\u6240\u300d\u6539\u70ba\u300c\u9109\uff08\u93ae\u3001\u5e02\u3001\u5340\uff09\u516c\u6240\u300d\u3002<br \/>\u5f15\u7528\u4ed6\u8655\u689d\u6587\uff0c\u5176\u689d\u6b21\u4fc2\u9023\u7e8c\u8005\uff0c\u5247\u7528\u300c\u81f3\u300d\u5b57\u4ee3\u66ff\u4e2d\u9593\u689d\u6b21\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u300c\u7b2c\u4e09\u689d\u3001\u7b2c\u56db\u689d\u3001\u7b2c\u4e94\u689d\u300d\uff0c\u6539\u70ba\u300c\u7b2c\u4e09\u689d\u81f3\u7b2c\u4e94\u689d\u300d\u3002\u9805\u3001\u6b3e\u3001\u76ee\u4e4b\u5f15\u7528\u6e96\u6b64\u3002<br \/>\u689d\u6587\u4e2d\u300c\u7b2c\u25cb\u689d\u4e4b\u898f\u5b9a\u300d\u5b57\u6a23\uff0c\u522a\u9664\u300c\u4e4b\u300d\u5b57\uff0c\u6539\u70ba\u300c\u7b2c\u25cb\u689d\u898f\u5b9a\u300d\uff0c\u9805\u3001\u6b3e\u3001\u76ee\u6e96\u6b64\u3002<br \/>\u6a19\u9ede\u7b26\u865f\uff1a<br \/>\u6a19\u984c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u6a19\u9ede\u7b26\u865f\u3002<br \/>\u6709\u300c\u4f46\u66f8\u300d\u4e4b\u689d\u6587\uff0c\u300c\u4f46\u300d\u5b57\u4e0a\u4e4b\u6a19\u9ede\u4f7f\u7528\u53e5\u865f\u300c\u3002\u300d\u3002\uff08\u60df\u4f46\u66f8\u524d\u4e4b\u300c\u524d\u6bb5\u300d\uff0c\u5982\u4ee5\u300c\uff1b\u300d\u5340\u5206\u70ba\u4e8c\u6bb5\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u800c\u4f46\u66f8\u50c5\u5728\u8868\u660e\u6700\u5f8c\u6bb5\u4e4b\u4f8b\u5916\u898f\u5b9a\u6642\uff0c\u5f97\u5728\u300c\u4f46\u300d\u5b57\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u300c\uff0c\u300d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u300c\u524d\u9805\u8a31\u53ef\u8b49\u4e4b\u7533\u8acb\uff0c\u61c9\u6aa2\u5177\u2026\u2026\uff1b\u5176\u5c6c\u5f79\u7537\u8005\uff0c\u4e26\u61c9\u6aa2\u5177\u2026\u2026\uff0c\u4f46\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u4e4b\u5f79\u7537\uff0c\u4e0d\u5728\u6b64\u9650\u3002\u300d\uff09<br \/>\u300c\u53ca\u300d\u5b57\u70ba\u9023\u63a5\u8a5e\u6642\uff0c\u300c\u53ca\u300d\u5b57\u4e0a\u4e4b\u6a19\u9ede\u522a\u9664\uff08\u4f46\u689d\u6587\u592a\u9577\u6642\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5beb\u6210\u300c\u2026\uff0c\u53ca\u2026\u300d\uff09\u3002<br \/>\u300c\u5176\u300d\u5b57\u70ba\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u6642\uff0c\u5176\u4e0a\u7528\u5206\u865f\u300c\uff1b\u300d\u3002\u5982\u300c\u5176\u7d44\u7e54\u4ee5\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5b9a\u4e4b\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u5176\u300d\u5b57\u4e0a\uff0c\u9808\u7528\u5206\u865f\u300c\uff1b\u300d\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u4e03\u3001\u5be9\u614e\u9078\u64c7\u53e5\u5f0f<br \/><br \/>\u8981\u4f7f\u8a9e\u8a00\u8868\u9054\u5177\u6709\u6e96\u78ba\u8207\u660e\u767d\u4e4b\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u9664\u8981\u9078\u8a5e\u6070\u7576\u5916\uff0c\u5c1a\u61c9\u6ce8\u610f\u53e5\u5b50\u69cb\u6210\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e4b\u9078\u64c7\u3002\u6cd5\u898f\u5c6c\u516c\u6587\u8a9e\u9ad4\uff0c\u53e5\u6cd5\u8207\u4fee\u8fad\u70ba\u7b26\u5408\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u9808\u70ba\u9069\u7576\u4e4b\u9078\u64c7\u3002<br \/>\u9078\u64c7\u53e5\u5f0f\u4e4b\u539f\u5247\uff1a<br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u5f0f\u53e5\u70ba\u6e96\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b9c\u4f7f\u7528\u8b8a\u5f0f\u53e5\u3002<br \/>\u9577\u53e5\u8207\u77ed\u53e5\u4e26\u7528\u3002<br \/>\u9069\u7576\u4f7f\u7528\u6574\u53e5\u8207\u6563\u53e5\u3002<br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e3b\u52d5\u53e5\u70ba\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u88ab\u52d5\u53e5\u70ba\u4f8b\u5916\u3002<br \/>\u9069\u7576\u4f7f\u7528\u80af\u5b9a\u53e5\u8207\u5426\u5b9a\u53e5\u3002<br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u76f4\u9673\u53e5\u6216\u7948\u4f7f\u53e5\u70ba\u6e96\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u554f\u53e5\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u516b\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u53e5\u5b50\u4e4b\u929c\u63a5<br \/><br \/>\u6cd5\u4ee4\u6587\u61c9\u4ee5\u4e00\u689d(\u5982\u8a72\u689d\u6587\u5206\u70ba\u9805\u6642\uff0c\u5373\u5404\u500b\u9805)\u4e00\u6587\u4f86\u5b8c\u7d50\u70ba\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u4e00\u689d\u4e00\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300d\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u6cd5\u898f\u689d\u6587\u5177\u6709\u7c21\u660e\u6027\u3001\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5316\uff0c\u5c24\u9808\u6ce8\u610f\u53e5\u5b50\u4e4b\u929c\u63a5\u3002<br \/>\u53e5\u5b50\u4e4b\u929c\u63a5\u61c9\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e4b\u4e8b\u9805\uff1a<br \/>\u8a9e\u610f\u8cab\u901a\u3002<br \/>\u5148\u5f8c\u6709\u5e8f\u3002<br \/>\u8a9e\u6c23\u9806\u66a2\u3002<br \/>\u53e5\u5f0f\u5354\u8abf\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u4e5d\u3001\u5584\u7528\u6a19\u9ede\u7b26\u865f<br \/><br \/>\u4e2d\u592e\u6cd5\u898f\u6a19\u6e96\u6cd5\u7b2c8\u689d\u7b2c1\u9805\uff1a\u300c\u6cd5\u898f\u689d\u6587\u61c9\u5206\u689d\u66f8\u5beb\uff0c\u51a0\u4ee5\u300c\u7b2c\u67d0\u689d\u300d\u5b57\u6a23\uff0c\u4e26\u5f97\u5206\u70ba\u9805\u3001\u6b3e\u3001\u76ee\u3002\u9805\u4e0d\u51a0\u6578\u5b57\uff0c\u7a7a\u4e8c\u5b57\u66f8\u5beb\uff0c\u6b3e\u51a0\u4ee5\u4e00\u3001\u4e8c\u3001\u4e09\u7b49\u6578\u5b57\uff0c\u76ee\u51a0\u4ee5\ue1be\u3001\ue1bf\u3001\ue1c0\u7b49\u6578\u5b57\uff0c\u4e26\u61c9\u52a0\u5177\u6a19\u9ede\u7b26\u865f\u3002\u300d<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%e6%b3%95%e5%be%8b%e4%b9%8b%e4%bf%ae%e6%ad%a3%e8%88%87%e5%bb%a2%e6%ad%a2\"><\/span>\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e4b\u4fee\u6b63\u8207\u5ee2\u6b62<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%e5%a3%b9%e3%80%81%e6%b3%95%e5%be%8b%e4%b9%8b%e4%bf%ae%e6%ad%a3\"><\/span>\u58f9\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e4b\u4fee\u6b63<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4fee\u6b63\u4e4b\u610f\u7fa9<br \/>\u4fc2\u5c0d\u65bc\u73fe\u884c\u6709\u6548\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e4b\u90e8\u5206\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u52a0\u4ee5\u8b8a\u66f4\u3001\u522a\u9664\u3001\u8ffd\u52a0\u6216\u88dc\u6b63\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u610f\u8b58\u6027\u5730\u8b8a\u66f4\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e4b\u5167\u5bb9\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u4e8c\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4fee\u6b63\u4e4b\u539f\u56e0\u2500\u4e2d\u592e\u6cd5\u898f\u6a19\u6e96\u6cd5\u7b2c20\u689d\u7b2c1\u9805<br \/>\u6cd5\u898f\u6709\u5de6\u5217\u60c5\u5f62\u4e4b\u4e00\u8005\uff0c\u4fee\u6b63\u4e4b\uff1a\u00a0<br \/>\u57fa\u65bc\u653f\u7b56\u6216\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e4b\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u6709\u589e\u6e1b\u5167\u5bb9\u4e4b\u5fc5\u8981\u8005\u3002<br \/>\u56e0\u6709\u95dc\u6cd5\u898f\u4e4b\u4fee\u6b63\u6216\u5ee2\u6b62\u800c\u61c9\u914d\u5408\u4fee\u6b63\u8005\u3002<br \/>\u898f\u5b9a\u4e4b\u4e3b\u7ba1\u6a5f\u95dc\u6216\u57f7\u884c\u6a5f\u95dc\u5df2\u88c1\u4f75\u6216\u8b8a\u66f4\u8005\u3002<br \/>\u540c\u4e00\u4e8b\u9805\u898f\u5b9a\u65bc\u4e8c\u500b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e4b\u6cd5\u898f\uff0c\u7121\u5206\u5225\u5b58\u5728\u4e4b\u5fc5\u8981\u8005\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u4e09\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4fee\u6b63\u4e4b\u65b9\u5f0f<br \/>\u589e\u8a00(addition)\u3002\u66f4\u63db(substitution)\u3002\u53d6\u4ee3(supersession)\u3002<br \/>\u5408\u4f75(amalgamation)\u3002\u522a\u9664(rescission)\u3002\u4fee\u98fe(modification)\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u56db\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4fee\u6b63\u4e4b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u2500\u4e2d\u592e\u6cd5\u898f\u6a19\u6e96\u6cd5\u7b2c20\u689d\u7b2c2\u9805<br \/>\u6cd5\u898f\u4fee\u6b63\u4e4b\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6e96\u7528\u672c\u6cd5\u6709\u95dc\u6cd5\u898f\u5236\u5b9a\u4e4b\u898f\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%e8%b2%b3%e3%80%81%e6%b3%95%e5%be%8b%e4%b9%8b%e5%bb%a2%e6%ad%a2repeal\"><\/span>\u8cb3\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e4b\u5ee2\u6b62(repeal)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5ee2\u6b62\u4e4b\u610f\u7fa9<br \/>\u4fc2\u56e0\u60c5\u52e2\u8b8a\u9077\u6216\u56e0\u4efb\u52d9\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5df2\u7121\u5b58\u5728\u4e4b\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u800c\u4f9d\u6cd5\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5c07\u73fe\u884c\u6709\u6548\u4e4b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e88\u4ee5\u5ee2\u68c4\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u518d\u9069\u7528\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u4e8c\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5ee2\u6b62\u4e4b\u539f\u56e0\u2500\u4e2d\u592e\u6cd5\u898f\u6a19\u6e96\u6cd5\u7b2c21\u689d<br \/>\u6cd5\u898f\u6709\u5de6\u5217\u60c5\u5f62\u4e4b\u4e00\u8005\uff0c\u5ee2\u6b62\u4e4b\uff1a<br \/>\u6a5f\u95dc\u88c1\u4f75\uff0c\u6709\u95dc\u6cd5\u898f\u7121\u4fdd\u7559\u4e4b\u5fc5\u8981\u8005\u3002<br \/>\u6cd5\u898f\u898f\u5b9a\u4e4b\u4e8b\u9805\u5df2\u57f7\u884c\u5b8c\u7562\uff0c\u6216\u56e0\u60c5\u52e2\u8b8a\u9077\uff0c\u7121\u7e7c\u7e8c\u65bd\u884c\u4e4b\u5fc5\u8981\u8005\u3002<br \/>\u6cd5\u898f\u56e0\u6709\u95dc\u6cd5\u898f\u4e4b\u5ee2\u6b62\u6216\u4fee\u6b63\u81f4\u5931\u5176\u4f9d\u64da\uff0c\u800c\u7121\u55ae\u7368\u65bd\u884c\u4e4b\u5fc5\u8981\u8005\u3002<br \/>\u540c\u4e00\u4e8b\u9805\u5df2\u5b9a\u6709\u65b0\u6cd5\u898f\uff0c\u4e26\u516c\u5e03\u6216\u767c\u5e03\u65bd\u884c\u8005\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u4e09\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5ee2\u6b62\u4e4b\u7a0b\u5e8f<br \/>\u4e2d\u592e\u6cd5\u898f\u6a19\u6e96\u6cd5\u7b2c22\u689d\uff1a<br \/>\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e4b\u5ee2\u6b62\uff0c\u61c9\u7d93\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u901a\u904e\uff0c\u7e3d\u7d71\u516c\u5e03\u3002(\u7b2c1\u9805)<br \/>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u5ee2\u6b62\uff0c\u7531\u539f\u767c\u5e03\u6a5f\u95dc\u70ba\u4e4b\u3002(\u7b2c2\u9805)<br \/>\u4f9d\u524d\u4e8c\u9805\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5ee2\u6b62\u4e4b\u6cd5\u898f\uff0c\u5f97\u50c5\u516c\u5e03\u6216\u767c\u5e03\u5176\u540d\u7a31\u53ca\u65bd\u884c\u65e5\u671f\uff1b\u4e26\u81ea\u516c\u5e03\u6216\u767c\u5e03\u4e4b\u65e5\u8d77\uff0c\u7b97\u81f3\u7b2c\u4e09\u65e5\u8d77\u5931\u6548\u3002(\u7b2c3\u9805)<br \/>\u4e2d\u592e\u6cd5\u898f\u6a19\u6e96\u6cd5\u7b2c23\u689d\uff1a<br \/>\u6cd5\u898f\u5b9a\u6709\u65bd\u884c\u671f\u9650\u8005\uff0c\u671f\u6eff\u7576\u7136\u5ee2\u6b62\uff0c\u4e0d\u9069\u7528\u524d\u689d\u4e4b\u898f\u5b9a\u3002\u4f46\u61c9\u7531\u4e3b\u7ba1\u6a5f\u95dc\u516c\u544a\u4e4b\u3002<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%e7%9c%8b%e6%9b%b4%e5%a4%9a%e9%81%a9%e5%90%88%e5%9c%b0%e6%96%b9%e7%89%b9%e8%80%83%e8%80%83%e8%a9%a6%e8%87%aa%e5%ad%b8%e6%ba%96%e5%82%99%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%80%e6%96%b0%e6%9b%b8%e7%b1%8d%e3%80%81%e7%b7%9a%e4%b8%8a%e8%aa%b2%e7%a8%8b%e8%b3%87%e8%a8%8a%3e%3e%e9%bb%9e%e6%88%91%e7%ab%8b%e5%8d%b3%e5%89%8d%e5%be%80\"><\/span><strong>\u770b\u66f4\u591a\u9069\u5408\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u8003\u8003\u8a66\u81ea\u5b78\u6e96\u5099\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u66f8\u7c4d\u3001\u7dda\u4e0a\u8ab2\u7a0b\u8cc7\u8a0a&gt;&gt;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eyebook.com.tw\/page\/Public11?utm_source=wordpress&amp;utm_campaign=108%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9%E7%89%B9%E8%80%83%E8%80%83%E5%89%8D%E9%87%8D%E9%BB%9E%E6%95%B4%E7%90%86&amp;utm_medium=post&amp;utm_content=_NA_NA_2264_lulu_NA\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.eyebook.com.tw\/page\/Public11?utm_source=wordpress&amp;utm_campaign=108%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9%E7%89%B9%E8%80%83%E8%80%83%E5%89%8D%E9%87%8D%E9%BB%9E%E6%95%B4%E7%90%86&amp;utm_medium=post&amp;utm_content=_NA_NA_2264_lulu_NA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u9ede\u6211\u7acb\u5373\u524d\u5f80<\/a><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e0d\u7528\u64d4\u5fc3\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u8003\u6cd5\u5236\u7acb\u6cd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8207\u6280\u8853\u5982\u4f55\u6e96\u5099\uff0c\u5e38\u8003\u8003\u9ede\u3001\u6613\u932f\u984c\u76ee\uff0c\u9019\u908a\u90fd\u5e6b\u4f60\u505a\u4e86\u7be9\u9078\u548c\u5f59\u6574\u56c9\uff01\u984c\u984c\u7686\u9644\u4e0a\u8a73\u7d30\u89e3\u6790 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[210,215],"tags":[237,202,201],"class_list":["post-2264","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general-review","category-local-special-exam-general-review","tag-237","tag-202","tag-201"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2264","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2264"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2264\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3136,"href":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2264\/revisions\/3136"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2264"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2264"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2264"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}