{"id":2325,"date":"2021-06-15T16:54:36","date_gmt":"2021-06-15T08:54:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/?p=2325"},"modified":"2021-08-05T11:56:55","modified_gmt":"2021-08-05T03:56:55","slug":"%e7%a4%be%e6%9c%83%e8%a1%8c%e6%94%bf%e7%a4%be%e6%9c%83%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c%e5%af%a6%e5%8b%99-108%e5%b9%b4%e5%9c%b0%e6%96%b9%e7%89%b9%e8%80%83%e8%80%83%e5%89%8d%e8%a1%9d%e5%88%ba-%e9%80%99%e4%ba%9b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/?p=2325","title":{"rendered":"\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5be6\u52d9-\u9069\u7528\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u8003\u4e09\u7b49\u793e\u5de5\u5e2b-\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u8003\u8003\u524d\u885d\u523a-\u9019\u4e9b\u89c0\u5ff5\u4f60\u78ba\u5be6\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u55ce\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_86 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a87714cdae1d\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a87714cdae1d\"  aria-label=\"\u986f\u793a\/\u96b1\u85cf\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/?p=2325\/#%e3%80%90%e7%a4%be%e6%9c%83%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c%e5%af%a6%e5%8b%99%e3%80%91108%e5%9c%b0%e6%96%b9%e7%89%b9%e8%80%83%e8%80%83%e5%89%8d%e9%87%8d%e9%bb%9e%e6%95%b4%e7%90%86\" >\u3010\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5be6\u52d9\u3011(108\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u8003\u8003\u524d\u91cd\u9ede\u6574\u7406)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/?p=2325\/#%e5%a3%b9%e3%80%81%e7%b0%a1%e4%bb%8b\" >\u58f9\u3001\u7c21\u4ecb<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/?p=2325\/#%e8%b2%b3%e3%80%81%e6%a0%b8%e5%bf%83%e9%87%8d%e9%bb%9e\" >\u8cb3\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u91cd\u9ede<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/?p=2325\/#%e7%9c%8b%e6%9b%b4%e5%a4%9a%e9%81%a9%e5%90%88%e5%9c%b0%e6%96%b9%e7%89%b9%e8%80%83%e8%80%83%e8%a9%a6%e8%87%aa%e5%ad%b8%e6%ba%96%e5%82%99%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%80%e6%96%b0%e6%9b%b8%e7%b1%8d%e3%80%81%e7%b7%9a%e4%b8%8a%e8%aa%b2%e7%a8%8b%e8%b3%87%e8%a8%8a%3e%3e%e9%bb%9e%e6%88%91%e7%ab%8b%e5%8d%b3%e5%89%8d%e5%be%80\" >\u770b\u66f4\u591a\u9069\u5408\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u8003\u8003\u8a66\u81ea\u5b78\u6e96\u5099\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u66f8\u7c4d\u3001\u7dda\u4e0a\u8ab2\u7a0b\u8cc7\u8a0a&gt;&gt;\u9ede\u6211\u7acb\u5373\u524d\u5f80<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/91\u5b98\u7db2-\u5716\u6587\u6a21\u7d44-banner-20.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2326\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/91\u5b98\u7db2-\u5716\u6587\u6a21\u7d44-banner-20.jpg 640w, https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/91\u5b98\u7db2-\u5716\u6587\u6a21\u7d44-banner-20-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\u4e0d\u7528\u64d4\u5fc3\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u8003\u884c\u653f\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5be6\u52d9\u5982\u4f55\u6e96\u5099\uff0c\u5e38\u8003\u8003\u9ede\u3001\u6613\u932f\u984c\u76ee\uff0c\u9019\u908a\u90fd\u5e6b\u4f60\u505a\u4e86\u7be9\u9078\u548c\u5f59\u6574\u56c9\uff01\u984c\u984c\u7686\u9644\u4e0a\u8a73\u7d30\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u540c\u5b78\u5011\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u641e\u6df7\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u5168\u90e8\u90fd\u5e6b\u4f60\u6253\u901a~\u8003\u524d\u9ad8\u6548\u7e3d\u8907\u7fd2\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u5c31\u5c0d\u4e86\uff01<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%e3%80%90%e7%a4%be%e6%9c%83%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c%e5%af%a6%e5%8b%99%e3%80%91108%e5%9c%b0%e6%96%b9%e7%89%b9%e8%80%83%e8%80%83%e5%89%8d%e9%87%8d%e9%bb%9e%e6%95%b4%e7%90%86\"><\/span>\u3010\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5be6\u52d9\u3011(108\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u8003\u8003\u524d\u91cd\u9ede\u6574\u7406)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%e5%a3%b9%e3%80%81%e7%b0%a1%e4%bb%8b\"><\/span>\u58f9\u3001\u7c21\u4ecb<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u56db\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u8003\u9ede\uff1a<br>\u4e00\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<br>\u5305\u62ec\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u4f7f\u547d\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u8108\u7d61\u3001\u5c08\u696d\u5316\u7684\u8981\u7d20\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5206\u985e\u3002<br>\u4e8c\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u502b\u7406\uff08\u793e\u5de5\u5e2b\u6cd5\u8207\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u502b\u7406\u5b88\u5247\u5747\u5df2\u6539\u7248\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u719f\u8a18\u65b0\u7248\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u502b\u7406\u5b88\u5247\uff09<br>\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u502b\u7406\u7684\u8003\u8a66\u91cd\u9ede\u5728\u91d0\u6e05\u50f9\u503c\u3001\u539f\u5247\u3001\u5b88\u5247\u3001\u6289\u64c7\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u719f\u80cc\u6211\u570b\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u502b\u7406\u5b88\u5247\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5404\u7a2e\u50f9\u503c\u885d\u7a81\u3001\u502b\u7406\u5169\u96e3\u7684\u8b70\u984c\u8207\u502b\u7406\u6307\u5357\u8207\u502b\u7406\u6289\u64c7\u904e\u7a0b\u3002<br>\u4e09\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7406\u8ad6<br>\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7406\u8ad6\u5fc5\u9808\u638c\u63e1\u5404\u7406\u8ad6\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u8108\u7d61\u8207\u8b8a\u9077\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6e05\u695a\u6574\u500b\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7406\u8ad6\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u8f49\u6298\u8207\u8da8\u52e2\uff0c\u66f4\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u76ee\u524d\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u89c0\u9ede(\u5305\u62ec\u5371\u6a5f\u4ecb\u5165\u3001\u4efb\u52d9\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3001\u751f\u614b\u7cfb\u7d71\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u512a\u52e2\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u589e\u5f37\u6b0a\u80fd)\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u719f\u8a18\u5404\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u4e3b\u8981\u5047\u8a2d\u8207\u5be6\u52d9\u61c9\u7528\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5fc5\u9808\u80fd\u6d3b\u7528\u7406\u8ad6\u3002<br>\u56db\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5be6\u52d9<br>\u6574\u5408\u6027\u8003\u984c\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u719f\u6089\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5be6\u52d9\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u70ba\u4ee5\u5c0d\u8c61\u70ba\u4e3b\u7684\u5be6\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c(\u5152\u7ae5\u3001\u5c11\u5e74\u3001\u5a66\u5973\u3001\u8001\u4eba\u3001\u8eab\u969c)\u3001\u4ee5\u6a5f\u69cb\u70ba\u4e3b\u7684\u5be6\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c(\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u5b78\u6821\u3001\u4f01\u696d\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u3001\u91ab\u52d9)\u7b49\uff0c\u9019\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u4ee5\u7d50\u5408\u793e\u6703\u653f\u7b56\u8207\u7acb\u6cd5\u6e96\u5099\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u5145\u5206\u4e86\u89e3\u6bcf\u4e00\u7a2e\u5be6\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u6d41\u7a0b\u8207\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u719f\u6089\u76f8\u95dc\u6cd5\u4ee4\u898f\u7bc4\u8207\u61c9\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%e8%b2%b3%e3%80%81%e6%a0%b8%e5%bf%83%e9%87%8d%e9%bb%9e\"><\/span>\u8cb3\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u91cd\u9ede<br><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<br>\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff1a<br>\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e00\u7a2e\u85dd\u8853\u3001\u4e00\u7a2e\u79d1\u5b78\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u7a2e\u52a9\u4eba\u7684\u5c08\u696d\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5c08\u696d\u52a9\u4eba\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002<br>Baker(1987)\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u300c\u5e6b\u52a9\u500b\u4eba\u3001\u5718\u9ad4\u6216\u793e\u5340\u589e\u5f37\u6216\u6062\u5fa9\u793e\u6703\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u7522\u751f\u6709\u5229\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u300d\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u570b\u969b\u806f\u76df(2000)\u5b9a\u7fa9\u300c\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\u70ba\u63d0\u5021\u793e\u6703\u6539\u8b8a\u4ee5\u53ca\u900f\u904e\u8ce6\u6b0a\u53ca\u6b0a\u5229\u5e73\u7b49\u4f7f\u4eba\u985e\u8ffd\u6c42\u66f4\u597d\u798f\u5229\u3002\u300d<br>\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e2b\u6cd5\u7b2c2\u689d\u5b9a\u7fa9\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e2b\u70ba\u300c\u4f9d\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c08\u696d\u77e5\u8b58\u8207\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u5354\u52a9\u500b\u4eba\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u5718\u9ad4\u3001\u793e\u5340\uff0c\u4fc3\u9032\u3001\u767c\u5c55\u6216\u6062\u5fa9\u5176\u793e\u6703\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8b00\u6c42\u5176\u798f\u5229\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u3002\u300d\u300c\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e2b\u4ee5\u4fc3\u9032\u4eba\u6c11\u53ca\u793e\u6703\u798f\u7949\uff0c\u5354\u52a9\u4eba\u6c11\u6eff\u8db3\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u4eba\u6027\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u95dc\u6ce8\u5f31\u52e2\u65cf\u7fa4\uff0c\u5be6\u8e10\u793e\u6703\u6b63\u7fa9\u70ba\u4f7f\u547d\u3002\u300d<br>\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u5316\uff1a<br>\u7279\u8cea\u8ad6\uff1a<br>\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b78\u8005\u5728\u8a0e\u8ad6\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c08\u696d\u767c\u5c55\u6642\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u5f9e\u300c\u7279\u8cea\u6a21\u578b\u300d(trait model)\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u767c\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4ee51957\u5e74\u683c\u6797\u4f0d\u5fb7(Greenwood, E.)\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u5c08\u696d\u4e4b\u4e94\u9805\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u8cea\u70ba\u6e96\uff1a<br>\u4e00\u5957\u7406\u8ad6\u9ad4\u7cfb(a body of theory)\uff1a\u5373\u4e00\u5957\u6709\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u9ad4\u7cfb\u6216\u5c08\u696d\u77e5\u8b58\u8207\u6280\u8853\u3002<br>\u5c08\u696d\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01(professional authority)\uff1a\u5373\u5c08\u696d\u4eba\u54e1\u5c0d\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u5224\u65b7\u7684\u5c08\u5229\u6b0a\uff0c\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u53ef\u7531\u9019\u7a2e\u5c08\u696d\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\u7372\u5f97\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u3002<br>\u5171\u540c\u4fe1\u5b88\u7684\u502b\u7406\u5b88\u5247(code of ethics)\uff1a\u5373\u4e00\u5957\u5171\u540c\u4fe1\u5b88\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b88\u5247\u6216\u4fe1\u689d\uff0c\u5982\u5ba2\u89c0\u3001\u4fdd\u5bc6\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u63a7\u5236\u7b49\u3002<br>\u793e\u6703\u6216\u793e\u6703\u7684\u8a8d\u53ef(sanction of the community)\uff1a\u5373\u793e\u6703\u4eba\u58eb\u6216\u793e\u5340\u5c45\u6c11\uff0c\u627f\u8a8d\u8a72\u5c08\u696d\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6b0a\u5229\u8207\u7279\u6b0a\uff0c\u5982\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u5c0d\u5c08\u696d\u4eba\u54e1\u56e0\u4fe1\u4efb\u800c\u5410\u9732\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\uff0c\u53ca\u5c0a\u91cd\u696d\u4eba\u54e1\u8a13\u7df4\u6a5f\u69cb\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u7b49\u3002<br>\u5c08\u696d\u7684\u6587\u5316(professional culture)\uff1a\u6307\u6b63\u5f0f\u6216\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u6a5f\u69cb\u5718\u9ad4(\u5982\u5c08\u696d\u79d1\u7cfb\u3001\u8a13\u7df4\u4e2d\u5fc3\u53ca\u5c08\u696d\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u54e1\u5354\u6703)\uff0c\u6240\u8981\u7684\u793e\u6703\u89d2\u8272\u4e4b\u9593\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u97ff\u800c\u7522\u751f\u7684\u7368\u7279\u793e\u6703\u5f62\u614b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5c08\u696d\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u3001\u8c61\u5fb5\u7b26\u865f\u53ca\u884c\u70ba\u898f\u7bc4\u3002<br>\u904e\u7a0b\u8ad6\uff1a\u904e\u7a0b\u8ad6\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5\u5a01\u6797\u65af\u57fa(Wilensky, 1964)\u70ba\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u5c08\u696d\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u5c08\u696d\u90fd\u6709\u5171\u901a\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u968e\u6bb5\uff1a<br>\u958b\u59cb\u6709\u5168\u8077\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u3002<br>\u8a13\u7df4\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u986f\u73fe\uff1a\u5c08\u696d\u8a13\u7df4\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u3002<br>\u5c08\u696d\u7d50\u793e\u51fa\u73fe\uff1a\u5c08\u696d\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u76ee\u6a19\u5728\u91d0\u6e05\u5c08\u696d\u4f7f\u547d\uff0c\u63a2\u8a0e\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u5347\u670d\u52d9\u54c1\u8cea\uff0c\u4e26\u8655\u7406\u5c08\u696d\u5167\u90e8\u53ca\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u885d\u7a81\u3002<br>\u7acb\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8b77\uff1a\u7372\u5f97\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\u8207\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u978f\u56fa\u5c08\u696d\u5730\u4f4d\u8207\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u4e26\u9650\u5236\u5916\u4f86\u6210\u54e1\u9032\u5165\u7684\u8cc7\u683c\u3002<br>\u502b\u7406\u5b88\u5247\u7684\u5236\u8a02\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5c07\u5c08\u696d\u7406\u60f3\u8207\u9053\u5fb7\u544a\u77e5\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u5c08\u696d\u5f62\u8c61\u3002<br>\u6b0a\u529b\u8ad6\uff1a\u5c08\u696d\u4e26\u975e\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7406\u6027\u7684\u754c\u5b9a\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8077\u696d\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u8a55\u50f9\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u8077\u696d\u7684\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u6027\u8d8a\u4f4e\uff0c\u5247\u5176\u64c1\u6709\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u754c\u5b9a\u5c31\u8d8a\u660e\u986f\u3002<br>\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u570b\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u8da8\u52e2\uff1a\u5c08\u696d\u3001\u7406\u8ad6\u5316\u3001\u7a4d\u6975\u798f\u5229\u63aa\u65bd\u3001\u5168\u570b\u6027\u63aa\u65bd\u3001\u4e8b\u5148\u9810\u9632\u3001\u5927\u773e\u53c3\u8207\u3001\u5c0d\u5168\u9ad4\u5927\u773e\u7684\u798f\u5229\u3001\u6574\u9ad4\u6027\u7d9c\u5408\u6027\u7684\u798f\u5229\u884c\u653f\u3001\u7acb\u6cd5\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u6578\u91cf\u5316\u5be6\u8b49\u7814\u7a76\u5206\u6790\u3001\u8b1b\u7a76\u65b9\u6848\u8a55\u4f30\u53ca\u6210\u672c\u6548\u76ca\u5206\u6790\u3002<br>\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u6062\u5fa9\u3001\u9810\u9632\u3001\u767c\u5c55<br>\u6062\u5fa9\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6307\u6062\u5fa9\u53d7\u50b7\u7684\u793e\u6703\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6cbb\u7642(\u6e1b\u5c11\u9020\u6210\u529f\u80fd\u640d\u5bb3\u7684\u56e0\u7d20)\u53ca\u5fa9\u5065\u5169\u7a2e\u5c64\u9762(\u91cd\u65b0\u5efa\u7acb\u4e92\u52d5\u6a21\u5f0f)\u3002<br>\u9810\u9632\u793e\u6703\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5931\u8abf\uff0c\u5373\u9810\u9632\u65b0\u554f\u984c\u7684\u7522\u751f\u53ca\u820a\u554f\u984c\u4e4b\u518d\u751f\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u767c\u73fe\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u8207\u6e1b\u5c11\u53ef\u80fd\u59a8\u7919\u793e\u6703\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\u8207\u60c5\u5883\u767c\u751f\u3002<br>\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u53c8\u7a31\u63d0\u4f9b\u8cc7\u6e90\u7684\u529f\u80fd(provision of resource)\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u767c\u6398\u793e\u6703\u8cc7\u6e90\u53ca\u555f\u767c\u500b\u4eba\u6f5b\u80fd\uff0c\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u793e\u6703\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<br>\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f7f\u547d\uff1a\u83ab\u6a02\u65af\u548c\u897f\u4f5b(Morales &amp; Sheafor)\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e09\u500b\u4f7f\u547d\uff0f\u5b97\u65e8(3C&#8217;s)\uff1a\u7167\u9867(caring)\u3001\u6cbb\u7642(curing)\u3001\u6539\u8b8a\u793e\u6703(change the society)<br>\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u5206\u985e\uff1a<br>\u50b3\u7d71(\u76f4\u63a5\u670d\u52d9\u6216\u521d\u7d1a\u670d\u52d9)\uff1a\u793e\u6703\u500b\u6848\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001\u5718\u9ad4\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001\u793e\u5340\u7d44\u7e54\u5de5\u4f5c<br>\u65b0\u589e(\u9593\u63a5\u670d\u52d9\u6216\u6b21\u7d1a\u670d\u52d9)\uff1a\u793e\u6703\u798f\u5229\u884c\u653f\u3001\u793e\u6703\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u793e\u6703\u653f\u7b56\u7acb\u6cd5\u6216\u904b\u52d5\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7763\u5c0e\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ba1\u7406<br>NASW\u6240\u6307\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u6709\u56db\u9805\uff1a<br>\u589e\u5f37\u4eba\u5011\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\u3001\u6297\u8861\u8207\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<br>\u9023\u7d50\u4eba\u8207\u74b0\u5883\u9ad4\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u7372\u5f97\u8cc7\u6e90\u3001\u670d\u52d9\u548c\u6a5f\u6703\u3002<br>\u4fc3\u9032\u74b0\u5883\u9ad4\u7cfb\u6709\u6548\u8207\u4eba\u6027\u5316\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f86\u63d0\u4f9b\u4eba\u5011\u8cc7\u6e90\u548c\u670d\u52d9\u3002<br>\u767c\u5c55\u8207\u4fc3\u9032\u793e\u6703\u653f\u7b56\u3002<br>\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff1a<br>\u4f7f\u80fd\u8005(enabler)\uff1a\u500b\u6848\u6709\u6642\u6703\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u73fe\u6cc1\u611f\u5230\u7121\u671b\u611f\uff0c\u500b\u6848\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u7d66\u4e88\u500b\u6848\u9f13\u52f5\uff0c\u5275\u9020\u4e00\u7a2e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u500b\u6848\u81ea\u5df1\u89aa\u81ea\u53bb\u6539\u8b8a\u7684\u73fe\u6cc1\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8b93\u500b\u6848\u7121\u671b\u8f49\u6210\u5e0c\u671b\u4ee5\u9054\u5230\u6539\u8b8a\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5354\u52a9\u53d7\u66b4\u5a66\u5973\u6642\uff0c\u53ef\u9f13\u52f5\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u6709\u812b\u96e2\u56f0\u5883\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u8207\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u53c3\u8207\u8655\u9047\u8a08\u756b\u7684\u64ec\u5b9a\u3002<br>\u7d93\u7d00\u4eba(broker)\uff1a\u8996\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u70ba\u5176\u4e32\u806f\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u6709\u5931\u696d\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u70ba\u5176\u7533\u8acb\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u793e\u6703\u6551\u52a9\u4ee5\u53ca\u8f14\u5c0e\u5c31\u696d\u7684\u670d\u52d9\u7b49\u3002<br>\u5021\u5c0e\u8005(advocate)\uff1a\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u70ba\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u722d\u53d6\u6700\u4f73\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u500b\u6848\u8faf\u8b77\u3001\u653f\u7b56\u8faf\u8b77\u3001\u7acb\u6cd5\u8faf\u8b77\u4e09\u7a2e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u70ba\u53d7\u66b4\u5a66\u5973\u722d\u53d6\u500b\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6b0a\u76ca\u3001\u5728\u653f\u7b56\u4e0a\u6539\u8b8a\u904e\u53bb\u50b3\u7d71\u6cd5\u4e0d\u5165\u5bb6\u9580\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u3001\u5728\u7acb\u6cd5\u5021\u5c0e\u4e0a\uff0c\u63a8\u52d5\u5bb6\u5ead\u66b4\u529b\u9632\u6cbb\u6cd5\u3002<br>\u884c\u52d5\u8005(activist)\uff1a\u70ba\u4e86\u6709\u5229\u65bc\u5f31\u52e2\u8005\u7684\u793e\u6703\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u7d50\u69cb\u8207\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u53c3\u8207\u6b0a\u5229\u8207\u8cc7\u6e90\u7684\u91cd\u7d44\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u884c\u52d5\u8005\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u5728\u76f4\u63a5\u670d\u52d9\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u793e\u5340\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u63a8\u52d5\u3002<br>\u8abf\u89e3\u8005(mediator)\uff1a\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u4ecb\u5165\u767c\u751f\u885d\u7a81\u5c0d\u7acb\u7684\u96d9\u65b9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u96e2\u5a5a\u7684\u5169\u9020\u3001\u6536\u990a\u96d9\u65b9\u3001\u52de\u8cc7\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u96d9\u65b9\u7b49\u3002<br>\u5354\u8abf\u8005(negotiator)\uff1a\u9762\u5c0d\u7684\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u5c0d\u7acb\u7684\u96d9\u65b9\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5177\u6709\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u591a\u65b9\u3002\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u5354\u5546\u3001\u8abf\u548c\u3001\u6e9d\u901a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f7f\u722d\u8b70\u5f97\u5230\u516c\u5e73\u5408\u7406\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5728\u793e\u5340\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u63a8\u5ee3\u4e0a\uff0c\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u8981\u8abf\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u5718\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4ee5\u9054\u6210\u5171\u8b58\u3002<br>\u6559\u80b2\u8005(educator)\uff1a\u626e\u6f14\u6559\u5c0e\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\u7684\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u53ca\u6559\u80b2\u65b0\u9032\u54e1\u5de5\u6216\u793e\u6703\u5927\u773e\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u70ba\u63d0\u9ad8\u793e\u6703\u5927\u773e\u5c0d\u65bc\u5152\u7ae5\u4fdd\u8b77\u7684\u91cd\u8996\uff0c\u8fa6\u7406\u5404\u9805\u5152\u7ae5\u4fdd\u8b77\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5ba3\u5c0e\u8b1b\u5ea7\u6216\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002<br>\u767c\u52d5\u8005(initiator)\uff1a\u6307\u654f\u611f\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u793e\u6703\u554f\u984c\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e14\u5e38\u5148\u63d0\u9192\u6216\u9810\u6e2c\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u7dda\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u63a5\u89f8\u6700\u591a\u5f31\u52e2\u8005\uff0c\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u770b\u5230\u65b0\u8208\u793e\u6703\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u95dc\u5fc3\u5916\u7c4d\u914d\u5076\u53ca\u5176\u5b50\u5973\u6240\u9762\u81e8\u7684\u793e\u6703\u969c\u7919\uff0c\u4e14\u9810\u6e2c\u5c0d\u65bc\u672a\u4f86\u793e\u6703\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u8ca0\u9762\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<br>\u5354\u8abf\u8005(coordinator)\uff1a\u5c07\u7d44\u7e54\u4e2d\u5404\u90e8\u9580\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e32\u9023\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u626e\u6f14\u90e8\u9580\u5354\u8abf\u8005\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u670d\u52d9\u7522\u751f\u91cd\u8907\u6216\u4e0d\u9023\u7e8c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u8eab\u70ba\u793e\u798f\u6a5f\u69cb\u7684\u9ad8\u968e\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u9700\u8981\u6709\u5354\u8abf\u5404\u90e8\u9580\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7d44\u7e54\u5718\u7d50\u9806\u5229\u904b\u4f5c\u3002<br>\u7814\u7a76\u8005(researcher)\uff1a\u4e43\u662f\u6709\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u5c0b\u6c42\u5c1a\u672a\u77e5\u6089\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u6216\u6709\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u9a57\u8b49\u67d0\u4e9b\u5047\u8a2d\uff0c\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u6b65\u9a5f\u904b\u7528\u5728\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u7814\u7a76\u670d\u52d9\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u6a5f\u69cb\u670d\u52d9\u5f8c\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u50ac\u5316\u54e1(group facilitator)\uff1a\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u61c9\u6709\u6548\u63a8\u52d5\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u5e36\u51fa\u5718\u9ad4\u52d5\u529b\uff0c\u4fc3\u6210\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u6cbb\u7642\u3001\u4efb\u52d9\u7684\u9054\u6210\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5e36\u9818\u53d7\u66b4\u5152\u7ae5\u8d70\u51fa\u88ab\u5bb6\u66b4\u7684\u9670\u5f71\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u5c55\u958b\u65b0\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<br>\u516c\u773e\u767c\u8a00\u4eba(public speaker)\uff1a\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u61c9\u6210\u70ba\u5f31\u52e2\u8005\u7684\u4ee3\u8a00\u4eba\uff0c\u70ba\u5176\u722d\u53d6\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u70ba\u5a66\u5973\u6216\u8eab\u969c\u8005\u5728\u8077\u5834\u4e0a\u6240\u906d\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u5c0d\u5f85\u63d0\u51fa\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u8b93\u793e\u6703\u5927\u773e\u91cd\u8996\u5a66\u5973\u6216\u8eab\u969c\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u6b0a\u76ca\u3002<br>\u5145\u6b0a\u8005(empowerer)\uff1a\u5e6b\u52a9\u500b\u4eba\u3001\u5718\u9ad4\u3001\u793e\u5340\u589e\u52a0\u500b\u4eba\u3001\u4eba\u969b\u7684\u3001\u793e\u6703\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u8207\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u4f86\u6539\u5584\u74b0\u5883\u3002<br>\u4e8c\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u502b\u7406<br>\u57fa\u672c\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff1a<br>\u300c\u502b\u7406\u300d(ethics)\u662f\u4eba\u8207\u4eba\u3001\u4eba\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u751f\u7269\u3001\u4eba\u8207\u74b0\u5883\u9593\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u6e96\u5247\u3002<br>\u300c\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u502b\u7406\u300d\u662f\u300c\u7531\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u96c6\u9ad4\u5206\u4eab\u4e4b\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u3001\u4fe1\u4ef0\u63a8\u6f14\u800c\u4f86\u4e4b\u76f8\u5c0d\u5177\u9ad4\u800c\u53ef\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u6a19\u6e96\u3002\u300d\u300c\u5f15\u5c0e\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u5be6\u52d9\u4e0a\u8868\u73fe\u5408\u4e4e\u502b\u7406\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u6a19\u6e96\u3002\u300d<br>\u300c\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c08\u696d\u5b88\u5247\u300d\uff1a\u9019\u4e9b\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u7d93\u7531\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c08\u7d44\u7e54\u78ba\u8a8d\uff0c\u4f9d\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8a02\u5b9a\u6210\u5c08\u696d\u6210\u54e1\u7684\u5171\u540c\u9075\u5faa\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\uff0c\u4e26\u660e\u6587\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u5c31\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c08\u696d\u5b88\u5247\u3002<br>\u7f8e\u570bNASW\u7684\u502b\u7406\u5b88\u5247\u63d0\u51fa\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c08\u696d\u4e4b\u516d\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\uff1a<br>\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52d9<br>\u8b1b\u6c42\u793e\u6703\u516c\u5e73\u6b63\u7fa9<br>\u5c0a\u91cd\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u5c0a\u56b4\u548c\u50f9\u503c<br>\u91cd\u8996\u4eba\u7fa4\u95dc\u4fc2<br>\u5ec9\u6b63(\u8aa0\u5be6\u6b63\u76f4)<br>\u80fd\u529b<br>\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u516d\u5927\u4f7f\u547d\uff1a<br>\u4fc3\u9032\u4eba\u985e\u798f\u7949\uff0c\u5354\u52a9\u5168\u4eba\u985e\u6eff\u8db3\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u4eba\u6027\u9700\u6c42<br>\u5c24\u5176\u95dc\u6ce8\u5f31\u52e2\u65cf\u7fa4\u3001\u53d7\u58d3\u8feb\u8005\u53ca\u8ca7\u7aae\u8005\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52d9<br>\u4e26\u4e14\u589e\u5f37\u5176\u529b\u91cf<br>\u95dc\u6ce8\u793e\u6703\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u798f\u7949<br>\u4fc3\u9032\u793e\u6703\u6b63\u7fa9\u8207\u793e\u6703\u8b8a\u9077<br>\u5c0a\u91cd\u6587\u5316\u3001\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u591a\u5143\u767c\u5c55<br>\u76f8\u4e92\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\uff1a\u9ea5\u514b\u91cc\u5fb7\u8207\u6885\u8036(Mcleod &amp; Meyer)\u63d0\u51fa\u4e0b\u5217\u5341\u7d44\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u50f9\u503c\uff1a<br>\u500b\u4eba\u50f9\u503c\u5c0d\u9ad4\u7cfb\u76ee\u6a19<br>\u500b\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u8207\u793e\u6703\u63a7\u5236<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u8cac\u4efb\u5c0d\u500b\u4eba\u8cac\u4efb<br>\u5b89\u5168\u6eff\u8db3\u5c0d\u523b\u82e6\u596e\u9b25<br>\u76f8\u5c0d\u8ad6\u3001\u5be6\u7528\u8ad6\u5c0d\u7d55\u5c0d\u8ad6\u3001\u795e\u8056\u8ad6<br>\u9769\u65b0\u8b8a\u9077\u5c0d\u50b3\u7d71\u4e3b\u7fa9<br>\u7570\u8cea\u6027\u5c0d\u540c\u8cea\u6027<br>\u6587\u5316\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8ad6\u5c0d\u500b\u4eba\u672c\u80fd\u8ad6<br>\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u8cf4\u5c0d\u500b\u4eba\u81ea\u6cbb<br>\u500b\u5225\u5316\u5c0d\u523b\u677f\u5316<br>\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u502b\u7406\u554f\u984c(\u4e0d\u7576\u5be6\u52d9\u884c\u70bamalpractice)\uff1a\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u502b\u7406\u554f\u984c\u6307\u5be6\u52d9\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u793e\u5de5\u5e2b\u6709\u610f\u6216\u662f\u7121\u610f\u5730\u9055\u53cd\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u502b\u7406\u3001\u898f\u7bc4\u5b88\u5247\uff0c\u662f\u300c\u5931\u8077\u300d\u6216\u300c\u7006\u8077\u300d\u3002\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\ue0c6\u7006\u8077(malfeasance)\uff1a\u4e0d\u8a72\u70ba\u800c\u70ba\uff0c\u4fc2\u6307\u793e\u5de5\u4eba\u54e1\u672a\u9075\u5b88\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u7528\u4e0d\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u9054\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u6216\u4e0d\u6cd5\u884c\u70ba\u3002\ue0c7\u5931\u8077(nonfeasance)\uff1a\u7576\u70ba\u800c\u4e0d\u70ba\uff0c\u4fc2\u6307\u4f9d\u64da\u5c08\u696d\u6a19\u6e96\u3001\u793e\u5de5\u5e2b\u6c92\u6709\u76e1\u5230\u61c9\u76e1\u7fa9\u52d9\u3002<br>\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u502b\u7406\u7684\u56f0\u5883\uff1a\u300c\u502b\u7406\u5169\u96e3\u300d\u662f\u6307\u7576\u793e\u5de5\u8005\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u5c08\u696d\u670d\u52d9\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u56e0\u7121\u6cd5\u9075\u5b88\u5c08\u696d\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u6216\u9075\u5b88\u67d0\u4e00\u500b\u50f9\u503c\u5c31\u6703\u9055\u53cd\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u5c08\u696d\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u3002\u610f\u6307\u5728\u5169\u500b\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u6216\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u4e4b\u9593\u4f5c\u4e8c\u9078\u4e00\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u3002<br>\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5be6\u52d9\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u502b\u7406\u5169\u96e3\u53ef\u5206\u70ba<br>\u300c\u76f4\u63a5\u5de5\u4f5c\u5169\u96e3\u300d\uff1a\u4fdd\u5bc6\u8207\u96b1\u79c1\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8207\u7236\u6b0a\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u5c0d\u4e0d\u540c\u5c0d\u8c61\u5fe0\u8aa0\u3001\u5c08\u696d\u754c\u9650\u8207\u5229\u76ca\u885d\u7a81\u3001\u5c08\u696d\u8207\u500b\u4eba\u50f9\u503c\u3002<br>\u300c\u9593\u63a5\u5de5\u4f5c\u5169\u96e3\u300d\uff1a\u6709\u9650\u8cc7\u6e90\u5206\u914d\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u8207\u6c11\u9593\u4e4b\u8cac\u4efb\u3001\u5c0d\u6cd5\u898f\u7684\u9075\u5b88\u3001\u52de\u8cc7\u722d\u8b70\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u8a55\u4f30\u3001\u6b3a\u9a19\u904b\u7528\u3001\u63ed\u767c\u6a5f\u69cb\u5167\u4e4b\u4e0d\u7576\u884c\u70ba\u3001\u5c08\u696d\u758f\u5931\u7b49\u3002<br>\u80e1\u4e2d\u5b9c(2005)\u5c07\u502b\u7406\u5169\u96e3\u5206\u70ba\u56db\u500b\u5c64\u6b21\uff1a<br>\u50f9\u503c\u502b\u7406\u7684\u5169\u96e3\uff1a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5341\u7d44\u50f9\u503c\u885d\u7a81\u3001\u6587\u5316\u50f9\u503c\u885d\u7a81\u3002<br>\u7fa9\u52d9\u502b\u7406\u7684\u5169\u96e3\uff1a\u7167\u9867\u7fa9\u52d9\u3001\u5c0a\u91cd\u96b1\u79c1\u7fa9\u52d9\u3001\u4fdd\u5bc6\u7fa9\u52d9\u3001\u544a\u77e5\u7fa9\u52d9\u3001\u5831\u544a\u7fa9\u52d9\u3001\u63d0\u51fa\u8b66\u544a\u7fa9\u52d9\u3001\u9084\u6709\u4f9d\u7167\u6211\u570b\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u502b\u7406\u5b88\u5247\u4e4b\u689d\u6587\u793e\u5de5\u5e2b\u7684\u6cd5\u5b9a\u7fa9\u52d9\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u300c\u6d88\u6975\u6cd5\u5b9a\u7fa9\u52d9\u300d\u8207\u300c\u7a4d\u6975\u6cd5\u5b9a\u7fa9\u52d9\u300d\u3002<br>\u5fb7\u884c\u502b\u7406\u7684\u5169\u96e3\uff1a\u4e0d\u4ee5\u300c\u7fa9\u52d9\u300d\u70ba\u4e3b\u8981\u5224\u65b7\uff0c\u800c\u7a4d\u6975\u5be6\u8e10\u300c\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u300d\u3002\u6700\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u793e\u5de5\u5e2b\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6709\u6b63\u78ba\u4e14\u8b39\u614e\u7684\u6289\u64c7\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u5fc5\u9808\u5305\u62ec\u5c07\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u91cd\u9ede\u653e\u5728\u5982\u4f55\u624d\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u3002<br>\u7d50\u69cb\u502b\u7406\u7684\u5169\u96e3\uff1a\u610f\u6307\u793e\u5de5\u5e2b\u6240\u8655\u74b0\u5883\u7d50\u69cb\u5dee\u7570\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6240\u5c0e\u81f4\uff0c\u5c0d\u5c08\u696d\u95dc\u4fc2\u5167\u3001\u5916\u7684\u4eba\u6240\u5fc5\u9808\u9762\u5c0d\u7684\u5fe0\u8aa0\u8207\u8ca0\u8cac\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u7522\u751f\u4e0d\u540c\u671f\u5f85\u7684\u885d\u7a81\u3002<br>\u502b\u7406\u6c7a\u7b56\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<br>\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a\u8981\u627e\u51fa\u4e92\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u502b\u7406\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u793e\u5de5\u5e2b\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u3001\u7fa9\u52d9\u8cac\u4efb\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u9019\u4e9b\u7fa9\u52d9\u8cac\u4efb\u76f8\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u3002<br>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a\u5305\u62ec\u6307\u51fa\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u6c7a\u7b56\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u3001\u5718\u9ad4\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u7d44\u7e54\u3002<br>\u7b2c\u4e09\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a\u5fc5\u9808\u627e\u51fa\u66ab\u6642\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u6240\u6709\u884c\u52d5\u8fa6\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bcf\u500b\u884c\u52d5\u8fa6\u6cd5\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6b63\u5411\u7684\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ca0\u5411\u7684\u6f5b\u5728\u5c64\u9762\u3002<br>\u7b2c\u56db\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a\u5247\u8981\u5fb9\u5e95\u8abf\u67e5\u6240\u6709\u5c0d\u884c\u52d5\u6709\u5229\u6216\u6709\u5f0a\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<br>\u7b2c\u4e94\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a\u5411\u540c\u4e8b\u8aee\u5546\u6216\u662f\u8ddf\u5c08\u5bb6\u8aee\u8a62\u3002<br>\u7b2c\u516d\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a\u5247\u662f\u505a\u6210\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u6574\u500b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u904e\u7a0b\u4e4b\u76f8\u95dc\u8cc7\u6599\u4f5c\u6210\u6a94\u6848\u3002<br>\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u5c0d\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u8ffd\u8e64\u8207\u8a55\u91cf\u3002<br>Reamer(1990)\u502b\u7406\u56f0\u5883\u6307\u5357\uff1a<br>\u50b7\u5bb3\u5230\u7dad\u6301\u4eba\u985e\u751f\u547d\u3001\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u5c0a\u56b4\u6642\u512a\u4f4d\u65bc\u50b7\u5bb3\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u3002<br>\u500b\u4eba\u57fa\u672c\u798f\u7949\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u512a\u65bc\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u6c7a\u6b0a\u3002<br>\u500b\u4eba\u81ea\u6211\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6b0a\u512a\u65bc\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u57fa\u672c\u798f\u7949\u7684\u8003\u91cf\u3002<br>\u4eba\u5011\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\u4e0b\u540c\u610f\u9075\u5b88\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u6a5f\u69cb\u898f\u5b9a\u7b49\u7fa9\u52d9\uff0c\u51cc\u99d5\u65bc\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u50f9\u503c\u8207\u539f\u5247\u3002<br>\u7576\u500b\u4eba\u57fa\u672c\u798f\u7949\u6b0a\u5229\u8207\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6c11\u9593\u7d44\u7e54\u4e2d\u7684\u898f\u5247\u76f8\u885d\u7a81\u6642\uff0c\u500b\u4eba\u798f\u7949\u6b0a\u5229\u61c9\u512a\u5148\u8003\u91cf\u3002<br>\u9810\u9632\u793e\u6703\u5927\u773e\u50b7\u5bb3\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u70ba\u63d0\u5347\u516c\u5171\u5229\u76ca\u800c\u5c0d\u500b\u4eba\u8ca1\u7522\u9020\u6210\u640d\u5bb3\u662f\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u3002<br>\u7f85\u6eab\u5821\u8207\u9053\u683c\u592b(Lowenberg and Dolgoff, 1992)\u7684\u502b\u7406\u539f\u5247\u9806\u5e8f<br>\u4fdd\u8b77\u751f\u547d\u539f\u5247<br>\u5dee\u5225\u5e73\u7b49\u539f\u5247<br>\u81ea\u4e3b\u81ea\u7531\u539f\u5247<br>\u6700\u5c0f\u50b7\u5bb3\u539f\u5247<br>\u751f\u547d\u54c1\u8cea\u539f\u5247<br>\u96b1\u79c1\u5b88\u5bc6\u539f\u5247<br>\u771f\u8aa0\u539f\u5247<br>\u60c5\u611f\u8f49\u79fb\u8207\u53cd\u8f49\u79fb<br>\u8f49\u79fb(transference reaction)\uff1a\u6307\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u8f49\u79fb\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u3002\u5728\u5c08\u696d\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u5c0d\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u8f49\u79fb\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u5c07\u65e9\u5e74\u751f\u6d3b\u7d93\u9a57\u4e2d\u5c0d\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u95dc\u4fc2\u4eba\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u611f\u53d7\u6216\u60c5\u7dd2\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u6295\u5c04\u5230\u5c08\u696d\u4eba\u54e1\u4e0a\u3002\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u6b63\u5411(\u60c5\u7dd2\u4f9d\u6200\u3001\u656c\u611b\u3001\u7406\u60f3\u5316)\u8207\u8ca0\u5411(\u6575\u610f\u3001\u61a4\u6012\u3001\u6297\u62d2\u3001\u653b\u64ca\u7b49)<br>\u53cd\u8f49\u79fb(counter transference reaction)\uff1a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u628a\u65e9\u5e74\u6216\u904e\u53bb\u5c0d\u7236\u6bcd\u6216\u91cd\u8981\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u611f\u89ba\u3001\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u60c5\u7dd2\u3001\u5e0c\u671b\u8207\u5e7b\u60f3\u7b49\u4eba\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u8868\u73fe\u5728\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u628a\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u8996\u70ba\u7279\u5b9a\u4eba\u54e1\u770b\u5f85\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u904e\u4efd\u8a8d\u540c\u6216\u8a8d\u540c\u904e\u5c11\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002<br>\u4e09\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7406\u8ad6<br>\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7406\u8ad6\u6574\u9ad4\u767c\u5c55\u8108\u7d61<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img2.91mai.com\/o2o\/image\/b8eefc5c-bf60-4e25-b8a2-6ad84a83e1f1.JPG\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img2.91mai.com\/o2o\/image\/a2581a55-e520-4148-a019-3b8f3e707a7e.JPG\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img2.91mai.com\/o2o\/image\/3ec3bae7-5954-486b-af7a-d4fc1e2e5afe.JPG\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u500b\u6848\u5de5\u4f5c<br>\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u500b\u6848\u5de5\u4f5c\u57fa\u672c\u6d3e\u5225\uff1a<br>\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9(Liberal Feminism)<br>\u57fa\u9032\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9(Radical Feminism)<br>\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9(Socialist Feminism)<br>\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a<br>\u91cd\u8996\u793e\u6703\u8108\u7d61<br>\u500b\u4eba\u5c31\u662f\u653f\u6cbb<br>\u89e3\u69cb\u3001\u91cd\u65b0\u754c\u5b9a\u6b63\u5e38\u8207\u504f\u5dee\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5<br>\u5305\u5bb9\u591a\u5143\u7acb\u5834<br>\u8ff0\u8aaa\u751f\u6d3b\u7d93\u9a57<br>\u91cd\u65b0\u5efa\u7acb\u5973\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u89c0<br>\u8a8d\u77e5\u7537\u5973\u751f\u6d3b\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u5dee\u7570<br>\u6311\u6230\u6027\u5225\u5206\u5de5\u6a21\u5f0f\u5316\u4e3b\u7fa9<br>\u5be6\u65bd\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u500b\u6848\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5247\uff1a<br>\u53bb\u9664\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u6027\u5225\u4e8c\u5206\u6cd5<br>\u91cd\u65b0\u754c\u5b9a\u6b0a\u529b<br>\u5de5\u4f5c\u904e\u7a0b\u8207\u7d50\u679c\u540c\u7b49\u91cd\u8981<br>\u91cd\u65b0\u754c\u5b9a\u793e\u6703\u554f\u984c<br>\u500b\u4eba\u5c31\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5be6\u9ad4<br>\u589e\u5f37\u6b0a\u80fd\u89c0\u9ede<br>\u7279\u8272\uff1a\u53cd\u5c0d\u5e72\u6d89\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5be6\u52d9\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u671d\u5411\u89e3\u653e\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u300c\u500b\u4eba\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u300d\u8207\u300c\u6539\u9769\u793e\u6703\u300d\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002<br>\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff1a\u300c\u6b0a\u80fd\u300d\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u7a2e\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u638c\u63a7\u81ea\u5df1\u751f\u6d3b\u7a7a\u9593\u8207\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u6709\u5229\u52d5\u529b\uff0c\u51e1\u662f\u963b\u7919\u500b\u4eba\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u751f\u6d3b\u7a7a\u9593\u884c\u4f7f\u6c7a\u7b56\u6216\u81ea\u6211\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u5c31\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6b0a\u80fd(\u7121\u529b\u611f)\u3002<br>\u589e\u5f37\u6b0a\u80fd\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u4e09\u5c64\u6b21\uff1a<br>\u500b\u4eba\u5c64\u6b21\uff1a\u89c0\u5bdf\u73fe\u5be6\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u7121\u529b\u611f\u7684\u4f86\u6e90\uff0c\u4e26\u5f15\u5c0e\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u91cd\u65b0\u6fc0\u767c\u6539\u8b8a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u63a2\u6e2c\u3002<br>\u4eba\u969b\u5c64\u6b21\uff1a\u5e6b\u52a9\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u64f4\u5c55\u884c\u52d5\u529b\uff0c\u8d85\u8d8a\u500b\u5225\u5fae\u8584\u529b\u91cf\u4e4b\u884c\u52d5\u7db2\u7d61\u7684\u5efa\u69cb\u3002\u5be6\u969b\u5e38\u63a1\u7528\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u574a\u3001\u8ab2\u7a0b\u3001\u5c0f\u5718\u9ad4\u578b\u5f0f\u8b1b\u7fd2\u6703\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<br>\u793e\u6703\u5c64\u6b21\uff1a\u95dc\u5fc3\u5982\u4f55\u4fc3\u6210\u5a01\u8105\u3001\u58d3\u8feb\u3001\u525d\u524a\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u7d50\u69cb\u4e4b\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u6709\u56db\u7a2e\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u5e02\u5834\u6d88\u8cbb\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u516c\u5171\u884c\u653f\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u516c\u6c11\u6b0a\u529b\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u9ad4\u5236\u5916\u6297\u722d\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<br>\u57fa\u8b8a\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u662f\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u8207\u554f\u984c\u754c\u5b9a\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e72\u9810\u7b56\u7565\u6709\u5225\u65bc\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8d77\u6e90\u65bc\u5c0d\u300c\u50b3\u7d71\u300d\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001\u4ee5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u89e3\u91cb\u793e\u6703\u554f\u984c\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7406\u8ad6\u53ca\u65e2\u5b58\u793e\u6703\u79e9\u5e8f\u70ba\u7406\u6240\u7576\u7136\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5b78\u6d3e\u4e4b\u6279\u5224\u3002<br>\u6982\u5ff5\u5047\u8a2d\uff1a<br>\u4e3b\u5f35\u500b\u4eba\u554f\u984c\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u5206\u6790<br>\u89ba\u5bdf\u793e\u6703\u798f\u5229\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u793e\u6703\u63a7\u5236<br>\u73fe\u5b58\u7684\u793e\u6703\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u53ca\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u4fdd\u6301\u6279\u5224<br>\u627f\u8afe\u4fdd\u8b77\u500b\u4eba\u514d\u65bc\u53d7\u525d\u524a\u6216\u58d3\u8feb<br>\u57fa\u8b8a\u7684\u793e\u6703\u8f49\u578b\u61c9\u540c\u6642\u89e3\u653e\u500b\u4eba\u8207\u6539\u9769\u793e\u6703<br>\u63d0\u9192\u500b\u4eba\u8207\u793e\u6703\u9593\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\u4e8c\u5206\u6cd5<br>\u6279\u5224\u50b3\u7d71\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e26\u975e\u5728\u89e3\u6c7a\u793e\u6703\u554f\u984c\u800c\u662f\u5ef6\u7e8c\u554f\u984c\u7b49<br>\u57fa\u8b8a\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5be6\u65bd\u5e72\u9810\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f<br>\u79d1\u5c64\u9ad4\u5236\u7684\u5e72\u9810\u3002<br>\u63d0\u6607\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u89ba\u5bdf\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002<br>\u63d0\u4f9b\u5021\u5c0e\u8207\u589e\u52a0\u6b0a\u80fd\u7684\u6280\u5de7\u3002<br>\u5efa\u7acb\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<br>\u63d0\u4f9b\u793e\u6703\u6559\u80b2\u3002<br>\u52d5\u54e1\u793e\u6703\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002<br>\u512a\u52e2\u89c0\u9ede<br>\u512a\u52e2\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5247\uff1a<br>\u4eba\u5177\u6709\u5b78\u7fd2\u3001\u6210\u9577\u8207\u6539\u8b8a\u7684\u5167\u5728\u80fd\u529b<br>\u5f37\u8abf\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u512a\u9ede\u800c\u975e\u75c5\u614b<br>\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u662f\u52a9\u4eba\u63a5\u89f8\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u6307\u5c0e\u8005<br>\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u8207\u500b\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u662f\u52a9\u4eba\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u56e0\u7d20<br>\u81ea\u6211\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u5916\u5c55\u70ba\u8f03\u4f73\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f<br>\u793e\u5340\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u8cc7\u6e90\u7da0\u6d32<br>\u512a\u52e2\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u670d\u52d9\u904e\u7a0b\uff1a<br>\u5efa\u7acb\u52a9\u4eba\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1a\u5efa\u8b70\u975e\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u3001\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u8207\u9592\u804a\u5f0f\u63a5\u89f8\u65b9\u5f0f<br>\u9032\u884c\u512a\u9ede\u8a55\u91cf\uff1a\u904e\u53bb\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u3001\u672a\u4f86<br>\u5efa\u7acb\u500b\u5225\u8a08\u756b\u8207\u8655\u9047<br>\u900f\u904e\u767c\u73fe\u3001\u5275\u9020\u3001\u4ea4\u63db\u8207\u9023\u7d50\u7372\u53d6\u5404\u9805\u8cc7\u6e90\uff1a\u6ce8\u91cd\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u512a\u52e2\u4ee5\u53ca\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u8cc7\u6e90\u70ba\u512a\u5148\u8003\u91cf\u3002<br>\u6301\u7e8c\u8ffd\u8e64\u8207\u7d50\u6848\u3002<br>\u56db\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5be6\u52d9<br>\u4f9d\u7167\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5340\u5206\uff1a<br>\u300a\u7d9c\u878d\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u300b\uff1a\u63a1\u7528\u5404\u7a2e\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee5\u7d9c\u878d\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u6c7a\u8907\u96dc\u554f\u984c\u3002\u53c8\u7a31\u300c\u901a\u624d\u53d6\u5411\u300d\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u300c\u5c08\u624d\u53d6\u5411\u300d\u3002\u53d71960\u5e74\u4ee3\u7cfb\u7d71\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u6253\u7834\u76f4\u63a5\u8207\u9593\u63a5\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u5340\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img2.91mai.com\/o2o\/image\/2d367c88-a98c-4b85-892c-11f1e4aec095.JPG\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img2.91mai.com\/o2o\/image\/9db75f3a-b6f2-45ed-acc4-aa3efa33e378.JPG\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u500b\u6848\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u662f\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u76f4\u63a5\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u904b\u7528\u5c08\u696d\u77e5\u8b58\u3001\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u8207\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u4ee5\u500b\u4eba\u8207\u5bb6\u5ead\u70ba\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u9762\u5c0d\u9762\u7684\u670d\u52d9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5354\u52a9\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u767c\u63ee\u6f5b\u80fd\u3001\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u6eff\u8db3\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4e26\u91cd\u65b0\u8abf\u6574\u5176\u4eba\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\u8207\u589e\u9032\u793e\u6703\u9069\u61c9\u4e4b\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img2.91mai.com\/o2o\/image\/99423024-97aa-45c3-8ebf-9a62f9efb77b.JPG\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img2.91mai.com\/o2o\/image\/e491d5f7-af72-45a4-bb1f-04c86ad6f119.JPG\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img2.91mai.com\/o2o\/image\/c4e50160-1063-493e-bc52-8cda8bd3208d.JPG\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u300a\u500b\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u7279\u8272\u300b\uff1a<br>\u91dd\u5c0d\u591a\u91cd\u554f\u984c\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u6216\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9577\u671f\u7167\u9867\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u70ba\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u901a\u624d\u53d6\u5411\u670d\u52d9\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u76ee\u6a19\u662f\u9054\u6210\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u8fd1\u6027\u53ca\u8cac\u4fe1\u3001\u589e\u9032\u670d\u52d9\u8f38\u9001\u4e4b\u6548\u7387\u3002\u9700\u8981\u591a\u5c64\u6b21\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u56de\u61c9\u3002(\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u6574\u5408\u3001\u7167\u9867\u7684\u5ef6\u7e8c\u3001\u516c\u5e73\u5730\u53d6\u5f97\u670d\u52d9\u3001\u7167\u8b77\u54c1\u8cea\u3001\u5021\u5c0e\u3001\u5168\u4eba\u3001\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u5145\u6b0a\u3001\u8a55\u4f30\u3002)<br>\u5e72\u9810\uff1a\u5f37\u8abf\u8cc7\u6e90\u9023\u7d50\u3001\u76e3\u6e2c\u8207\u7d44\u7e54\u5354\u8abf\u670d\u52d9\u3002<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff1a\u5718\u9ad4\u6210\u54e1\u3001\u7d93\u5e38\u6027\u4e92\u52d5\u3001\u89d2\u8272\u8207\u5730\u4f4d\u3001\u5171\u540c\u898f\u7bc4\u8207\u50f9\u503c<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff1a\u5718\u9ad4\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7531\u7406\u8ad6\u77e5\u8b58\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u5247\u548c\u6280\u5de7\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u500b\u4eba\u5728\u5404\u7a2e\u793e\u5340\u6a5f\u69cb\u7684\u5718\u9ad4\u4e2d\uff0c\u85c9\u8457\u5718\u9ad4\u5de5\u4f5c\u54e1\u7684\u5354\u52a9\uff0c\u4fc3\u6210\u6210\u54e1\u5f7c\u6b64\u5efa\u7acb\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4ee5\u500b\u4eba\u80fd\u529b\u8207\u793e\u6703\u9700\u6c42\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u9054\u6210\u500b\u4eba\u3001\u5718\u9ad4\u6216\u793e\u5340\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u5728\u65bc\u9054\u6210\u500b\u4eba\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u3001\u5718\u9ad4\u7d44\u7e54\u5316\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u53ca\u793e\u5340\u767c\u5c55\u3002<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\uff1a(\u8655\u7406\u60c5\u7dd2\u6027\u554f\u984c\u3001\u7d93\u9a57\u8207\u8cc7\u8a0a\u4ea4\u6d41\u3001\u5b78\u7fd2\u793e\u4ea4\u6027\u6280\u5de7\u3001\u8abf\u6574\u50f9\u503c\u8207\u614b\u5ea6\u3001\u4fee\u6b63\u4e0d\u7576\u884c\u70ba)<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u7a2e\u985e(\u4efb\u52d9\u6027VS\u8655\u9047\u6027)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img2.91mai.com\/o2o\/image\/e42eb1f0-3aaf-42e3-9b1a-f4b6d96d63b5.JPG\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u968e\u6bb5(\u8da8\u907f\u3001\u6b0a\u529b\u8207\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u904e\u6e21\u3001\u89aa\u5bc6\u3001\u5340\u5206\u767c\u5c55\u5718\u9ad4\u8a8d\u540c\u3001\u5206\u96e2)<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u793e\u6703\u76ee\u6a19\u3001\u6cbb\u7642\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u4ea4\u4e92\u6a21\u5f0f<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u7d50\u69cb\uff1a\u5718\u9ad4\u7d50\u69cb\u662f\u5718\u9ad4\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\u67b6\u69cb\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u5718\u9ad4\u6210\u54e1\u5fc5\u9808\u9075\u5b88\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e92\u52d5\u548c\u6e9d\u901a\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u5718\u9ad4\u6210\u54e1\u95dc\u4fc2\u7db2\u7d61\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u9ad4\u3002\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u7d44\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u6709\u5305\u542b\u89d2\u8272\u3001\u5730\u4f4d\u3001\u898f\u7bc4\u3001\u6587\u5316\u3001\u51dd\u805a\u529b\u3002<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u6587\u5316\uff1a<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u6587\u5316\u662f\u7531\u6bcf\u4f4d\u6210\u54e1\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u3001\u80cc\u666f\u3001\u74b0\u5883\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u6210\u54e1\u9593\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u3001\u6e9d\u901a\u3001\u4ea4\u63db\u548c\u5206\u4eab\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u9010\u6f38\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u5957\u5171\u540c\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u5ff5\u548c\u884c\u70ba\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u6587\u5316\u5c0d\u5718\u9ad4\u548c\u6210\u54e1\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f71\u97ff\uff1a\ue2b7\u4f7f\u6210\u54e1\u6709\u9069\u61c9\u5718\u9ad4\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u80fd\u529b\ue2b8\u5718\u9ad4\u6210\u54e1\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u4f9d\u64da\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u6210\u54e1\u9593\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u9032\u884c\ue2b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u5718\u9ad4\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u9054\u6210\u4efb\u52d9\u7684\u4f5c\u6cd5\ue2ba\u5718\u9ad4\u5efa\u69cb\u7684\u67b6\u69cb\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u57fa\u790e\ue2bb\u5718\u9ad4\u6210\u54e1\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4e09\u5c64\u6b21\uff1a\ue2b7\u7b26\u865f\u548c\u5100\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u300c\u6212\u9152\u533f\u540d\u5718\u9ad4\u300d\ue2b8\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u65b9\u5f0f\u2013\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5718\u9ad4\u8655\u7406\u885d\u7a81\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\ue2b9\u5171\u540c\u4fe1\u5b88\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4fe1\u5ff5\u3001\u610f\u8b58\u578b\u614b\u548c\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u3002<br>\u5354\u52a9\u5718\u9ad4\u5efa\u69cb\u6b63\u5411\u6587\u5316\u7684\u539f\u5247\uff1a\ue2b7\u5e6b\u52a9\u6210\u54e1\u6aa2\u67e5\u3001\u6bd4\u8f03\u548c\u5c0a\u91cd\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u9ad4\u7cfb\u3002\ue2b8\u5354\u52a9\u6210\u54e1\u8a8d\u540c\u548c\u77ad\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u3002\ue2b9\u5354\u52a9\u6210\u54e1\u907f\u514d\u5e36\u8457\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u4f86\u8207\u4eba\u76f8\u8655\uff0c\u4e14\u5354\u52a9\u89ba\u5bdf\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u3002\ue2ba\u8abf\u7bc0\u885d\u7a81\u3002\ue2bb\u5718\u9ad4\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u61c9\u8a72\u793a\u7bc4\u6a21\u4eff\u4e00\u4e9b\u597d\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u3002\ue2f9\u5718\u9ad4\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u80fd\u4f7f\u6210\u54e1\u5728\u60c5\u7dd2\u8868\u9054\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u9700\u8981\u8207\u9054\u6210\u660e\u78ba\u76ee\u6a19\u7684\u9700\u8981\u76f8\u4fdd\u6301\u5e73\u8861\u3002<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u898f\u7bc4\uff1a<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff1a\u5718\u9ad4\u898f\u7bc4\u662f\u6307\u8a9e\u8a00\u8207\u975e\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u6e9d\u901a\u898f\u5247\u8207\u5f71\u97ff\u4ed6\u4eba\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u8868\u793a\u5718\u9ad4\u7368\u7279\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u65b9\u5f0f\u8207\u5448\u73fe\u5718\u9ad4\u6709\u7570\u65bc\u5916\u754c\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002\u5177\u9ad4\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b88\u5bc6\u3001\u8cac\u4efb\u3001\u53c3\u8207\u3001\u958b\u653e\u3001\u8aa0\u61c7\u3001\u975e\u8a55\u5224\u5730\u63a5\u7d0d\u5c0d\u65b9\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u81ea\u6211\u63ed\u9732\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u77ad\u89e3\u3001\u52c7\u65bc\u63a5\u53d7\u6539\u8b8a\u3002<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u898f\u7bc4\u985e\u578b\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\ue2b7\u6b63\u5f0f\u898f\u7bc4\u8207\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u898f\u7bc4\uff1b\ue2b8\u53c3\u7167\u5718\u9ad4\u898f\u7bc4\uff1b\ue2b9\u793e\u6703\u8a8d\u53ef\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u8207\u53cd\u793e\u6703\u898f\u7bc4\u3002<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u8207\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff1a\ue2b7\u8c4e\u7acb\u8a55\u50f9\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff1b\ue2b8\u7dad\u6301\u548c\u978f\u56fa\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff1b\ue2b9\u5718\u9ad4\u8f3f\u8ad6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff1b\ue2ba\u884c\u70ba\u5c0e\u5411\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<br>\u9818\u5c0e\u8005\u53ef\u7d93\u7531\u4e0b\u5217\u554f\u984c\u78ba\u8a8d\u51fa\u5718\u9ad4\u898f\u7bc4\uff1a<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u4e2d\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e3b\u984c\u53ef\u8ac7\uff1f\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e0d\u53ef\u8ac7\uff1f<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u4e2d\u54ea\u4e9b\u60c5\u7dd2\u7684\u8868\u9054\u662f\u88ab\u5141\u8a31\u7684\uff1f<br>\u6709\u95dc\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\u6216\u9762\u5c0d\u4efb\u52d9\u6642\u5718\u9ad4\u6a21\u5f0f\u70ba\u4f55\uff1f<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u6210\u54e1\u8a8d\u70ba\u8981\u4f7f\u5718\u9ad4\u7d93\u9a57\u6210\u529f\u662f\u6210\u54e1\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\uff1f\u6216\u662f\u9818\u5c0e\u8005\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\uff1f<br>\u5c0d\u65bc\u9818\u5c0e\u8005\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u70ba\u4f55\uff1f<br>\u5c0d\u65bc\u56de\u994b\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u70ba\u4f55\uff1f<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u6210\u54e1\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\uff1f\u5718\u9ad4\u8ce6\u4e88\u4ed6\u5011\u751a\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u6a19\u7c64\u548c\u89d2\u8272\uff1f<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u51dd\u805a\u529b\uff1a<br>\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\uff1a\ue2b7\u5de5\u4f5c\u51dd\u805a\u529b(task cohesion)\uff1a\u5718\u9ad4\u6210\u54e1\u4e00\u8d77\u5de5\u4f5c\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u5171\u540c\u76ee\u6a19\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\ue2b8\u793e\u6703\u51dd\u805a\u529b(social cohesion)\uff1a\u5718\u9ad4\u6210\u54e1\u5f7c\u6b64\u559c\u6b61\u53ca\u4eab\u53d7\u5f7c\u6b64\u4f5c\u4f34\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff1b\u7b49\u540c\u4eba\u969b\u9593\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<br>\u5f71\u97ff\u5718\u9ad4\u51dd\u805a\u529b\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff1a\u5305\u62ec\u6210\u54e1\u3001\u9818\u5c0e\u8005\u3001\u5718\u9ad4\u3001\u6642\u9593\u7b49\u56db\u500b\u5c64\u9762<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u8a55\u9451(\u5be6\u9a57\u8a2d\u8a08\u3001\u55ae\u4e00\u7cfb\u7d71\u8a2d\u8a08)<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u5de5\u4f5c\u8207\u975e\u5718\u9ad4\u5de5\u4f5c(\u5718\u9ad4\u8f14\u5c0e\u3001\u5718\u9ad4\u8aee\u5546\u3001\u5718\u9ad4\u6cbb\u7642)\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u9818\u5c0e\u6280\u5de7(\u50ac\u5316\u5718\u9ad4\u904e\u7a0b\u3001\u8cc7\u6599\u8490\u96c6\u8207\u8a55\u4f30\u3001\u884c\u52d5)<br>\u5718\u9ad4\u8ff7\u601d<br>\u793e\u5340\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c<br>\u793e\u5340\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff1a\u793e\u5340\u662f\u4e00\u7fa4\u4eba\u4f4f\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5730\u7406\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u7d93\u7531\u4e92\u8cf4\u7684\u793e\u6703\u6d3b\u52d5\u4f86\u6eff\u8db3\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u6240\u9700\uff0c\u4e14\u81ea\u8a8d\u70ba\u5c6c\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u4eba\u3002<br>\u793e\u5340\u610f\u8b58\uff1a\u6307\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u793e\u5340\u7684\u4eba\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u793e\u5340\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u8a8d\u540c\uff0c\u5373\u6b78\u5c6c\u611f\u3002<br>\u793e\u5340\u7684\u7d44\u6210\u8981\u7d20\uff1a\u4eba\u6c11\u3001\u571f\u5730\u3001\u793e\u6703\u4e92\u52d5\u3001\u8a8d\u540c\u3001\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u3002<br>\u793e\u5340\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u548c\u793e\u5340\u6c11\u773e\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4ee5\u67d0\u4e00\u793e\u5340\u70ba\u55ae\u4f4d\u5f9e\u4e8b\u7684\u793e\u5340\u670d\u52d9\u6216\u6cbb\u7642\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<br>\u793e\u5340\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u85c9\u7531\u96c6\u9ad4\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u5354\u52a9\u4eba\u5011\u4fc3\u9032\u5176\u793e\u5340\u63d0\u5347\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002<br><br><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/img2.91mai.com\/o2o\/image\/5258ab37-6398-4bb7-b0ee-c22c20a26409.JPG\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u793e\u5340\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5be6\u52d9\u7279\u6027\uff1a\u4ee5\u793e\u5340\u70ba\u5c0d\u8c61\u3001\u63a1\u7528\u7d50\u69cb\u5c0e\u5411\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u554f\u984c\u3001\u4ecb\u5165\u5c64\u9762\u8f03\u5ee3\u3001\u5f37\u8abf\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u96c6\u9ad4\u53c3\u8207\u3001\u904e\u7a0b\u76ee\u6a19\u8207\u4efb\u52d9\u76ee\u6a19\u4e26\u91cd\u3001\u904b\u7528\u793e\u5340\u8cc7\u6e90\u3001\u5177\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u6027\u3002<br>\u793e\u5340\u57f9\u529b\uff1a\u6307\u4e00\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u85c9\u7531\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6709\u65b9\u5411\u3001\u6709\u8a08\u756b\u7684\u793e\u6703\u96c6\u9ad4\u884c\u52d5\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u4fc3\u9032\u6c11\u773e\u3001\u7d44\u7e54\u53ca\u793e\u5340\u53c3\u8207\uff0c\u671d\u5411\u589e\u9032\u500b\u4eba\u8207\u793e\u5340\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u6548\u529b\u3001\u6539\u5584\u793e\u5340\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u793e\u6703\u516c\u5e73\u6b63\u7fa9\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u3002\u6db5\u84cb\uff1a\u6b0a\u529b\u6388\u8207\u3001\u4f7f\u4eba\u5177\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u6fc0\u52f5\u8207\u63d0\u5347\u81ea\u6211\u6548\u80fd\u3002<br>\u793e\u5340\u80fd\u529b\uff1a\u662f\u4eba\u529b\u8cc7\u672c\u3001\u7d44\u7e54\u8cc7\u6e90\u8207\u793e\u5340\u8cc7\u672c\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u70ba\u89e3\u6c7a\u96c6\u9ad4\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u6216\u7dad\u6301\u793e\u5340\u798f\u7949\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u5316\u70ba\u53c3\u8207\u3001\u9818\u5c0e\u3001\u7d44\u7e54\u7d50\u69cb\u3001\u5be6\u4e8b\u6c42\u662f\u3001\u4eba\u969b\u7db2\u7d61\u9023\u7d50\u3001\u8207\u5916\u90e8\u8cc7\u6e90\u9023\u7d50\u3001\u65b9\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u9762\u5411\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<br>\u798f\u5229\u793e\u5340\u5316\uff1a\u5c07\u793e\u6703\u798f\u5229\u9ad4\u7cfb\u8207\u793e\u5340\u767c\u5c55\u5de5\u4f5c\u5145\u5206\u7d50\u5408\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u5177\u9ad4\u63aa\u65bd\u8207\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<br>\u793e\u5340\u7167\u9867\uff1a\u63a8\u5c55\u793e\u5340\u798f\u5229\u6a5f\u69cb\u5c0f\u578b\u5316\u3001\u793e\u5340\u5316\uff0c\u4e26\u5021\u5c0e\u798f\u5229\u6a5f\u69cb\u958b\u62d3\u5916\u5c55\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u8cc7\u6e90\u6709\u6548\u5229\u7528\u3002\u5176\u5167\u6db5\u6709\uff1a\u9577\u671f\u7167\u9867\u3001\u53bb\u6a5f\u69cb\u5316\u3001\u6e1b\u5c11\u516c\u5171\u4f9d\u8cf4\u3001\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u7167\u9867\u3001\u9078\u64c7\u8207\u53c3\u8207\u3001\u9700\u6c42\u5c0e\u5411\u7684\u670d\u52d9\u3001\u6210\u672c\u8003\u91cf\u3002<br>\u793e\u5340\u7cbe\u795e\u5fa9\u5065\uff1a\u6307\u70ba\u5354\u52a9\u75c5\u4eba\u9010\u6b65\u9069\u61c9\u793e\u6703\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u65bc\u793e\u5340\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u75c5\u4eba\u6709\u95dc\u5de5\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u614b\u5ea6\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u91cd\u5efa\u3001\u793e\u4ea4\u6280\u5de7\u3001\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u8655\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u7b49\u4e4b\u5fa9\u5065\u6cbb\u7642\u3002<br>\u793e\u5340\u6cbb\u7642\uff1a\u6307\u70ba\u907f\u514d\u56b4\u91cd\u75c5\u4eba\u75c5\u60c5\u60e1\u5316\uff0c\u65bc\u793e\u5340\u4e2d\u63a1\u884c\u5c45\u5bb6\u6cbb\u7642\u3001\u793e\u5340\u7cbe\u795e\u5fa9\u5065\u3001\u9580\u8a3a\u6cbb\u7642\u7b49\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<br>\u793e\u5340\u8cc7\u7522\uff1a\u8cc7\u7522\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u610f\u5473\u8457\u793e\u5340\u5167\u4ecd\u6709\u672a\u88ab\u5584\u52a0\u5229\u7528\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u793e\u5340\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5373\u662f\u8981\u8a66\u5716\u53bb\u52d5\u54e1\u9019\u4e9b\u8cc7\u6e90\u4f86\u6eff\u8db3\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<br>\u793e\u5340\u8cc7\u6e90\u76e4\u9ede\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u6709\u90a3\u4e9b\u300c\u55ae\u4f4d\u300d\u70ba\u300c\u8ab0\u300d\u63d0\u4f9b\u300c\u4f55\u7a2e\u300d\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u670d\u52d9\u91cf\u7684\u591a\u5be1\uff0c\u9664\u670d\u52d9\u5167\u5bb9\u5916\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u670d\u52d9\u9805\u76ee\u6703\u6709\u91cf\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u670d\u52d9\u5bb9\u91cf\u7684\u76e4\u9ede\uff0c\u82e5\u518d\u642d\u914d\u76ee\u6a19\u7fa4\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u6c42\u91cf\uff0c\u5c07\u53ef\u77ad\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u670d\u52d9\u985e\u5225\u6216\u5167\u5bb9\u4e4b\u9700\u6c42\u8207\u4f9b\u7d66\u9593\u7684\u843d\u5dee\uff0c\u53ef\u70ba\u5f8c\u7e8c\u8cc7\u6e90\u767c\u5c55\u6216\u5b89\u6392\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u65b9\u5411<br>\u793e\u5340\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u5be6\u52d9\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u5730\u65b9\u767c\u5c55\u3001\u793e\u6703\u8a08\u756b\u3001\u793e\u6703\u884c\u52d5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img2.91mai.com\/o2o\/image\/499882cb-b03c-45ec-b83b-3898fe714eac.JPG\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f9d\u7167\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c0d\u8c61\u5340\u5206<br>\u57fa\u672c\u67b6\u69cb\uff1a\u652f\u6301\u6027\u3001\u88dc\u5145\u6027\u3001\u66ff\u4ee3\u6027<br>\u5152\u7ae5\uff1a\u672a\u6eff\u5341\u4e8c\u6b72\u4e4b\u5152\u7ae5\u70ba\u5c0d\u8c61\u6240\u5be6\u65bd\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u52a9\u4eba\u670d\u52d9\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002\u5ee3\u7fa9\uff1a\u5168\u9ad4\u5152\u7ae5\uff1b\u72f9\u7fa9\uff1a\u7279\u6b8a\u5152\u7ae5\uff0c\u70ba\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u4ee5\u5354\u52a9\u5176\u6539\u5584\u73fe\u6cc1\uff0c\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\u3001\u6062\u5fa9\u589e\u9032\u793e\u6703\u529f\u80fd\u70ba\u76ee\u7684\u3002<br>\u76f8\u95dc\u6cd5\u4ee4\uff1a\u300c\u5152\u7ae5\u53ca\u5c11\u5e74\u798f\u5229\u8207\u6b0a\u76ca\u4fdd\u969c\u6cd5\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5152\u7ae5\u53ca\u5c11\u5e74\u6027\u525d\u524a\u9632\u6cbb\u689d\u4f8b\u300d\u3001\u719f\u8a18\u5152\u5c11\u4fdd\u8b77\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img2.91mai.com\/o2o\/image\/f89c9888-01c0-4023-ac71-38a7141e3db7.JPG\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5152\u7ae5\u6536\u990a\u670d\u52d9\uff1a\u6536\u990a\u53c8\u7a31\u70ba\u9818\u990a\uff0c\u662f\u975e(\u76f4\u7cfb)\u8840\u89aa\u7684\u96d9\u65b9\uff0c\u7d93\u904e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8a8d\u53ef\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u89aa\u5b50\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e0d\u5e78\u5152\u7ae5\u5f97\u4e00\u6c38\u4e45\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u70ba\u6536\u990a\u7236\u6bcd\u8993\u5f97\u5b50\u5973\uff0c\u8996\u540c\u89aa\u751f\u3002<br>\u5c11\u5e74\uff1a\u5341\u4e8c\u6b72\u5230\u5341\u516b\u6b72\u7a31\u70ba\u5c11\u5e74\u3002\u91cd\u9ede\uff1a\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u5916\u5c55\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4e3b\u52d5\u5230\u793e\u5340\u4e0a\u7684\u7403\u5834\u3001\u516c\u5712\u3001\u904a\u6232\u6a5f\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3001\u901f\u98df\u5e97\u53ca\u7db2\u5427\u7b49\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u559c\u6b61\u805a\u96c6\u7684\u5834\u5730\uff0c\u7d50\u8b58\u793e\u5340\u4e0a\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\uff0c\u4e26\u70ba\u6709\u9700\u8981\u7684\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u63d0\u4f9b\u8f14\u5c0e\u53ca\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002 (\u76f8\u95dc\u6cd5\u4ee4\uff1a\u300c\u5c11\u5e74\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8655\u7406\u6cd5\u300d)<br>\u8f49\u5411\u5b89\u7f6e\u8f14\u5c0e\uff1a\u300c\u8f49\u5411\u300d(diversion)\u662f\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u5c11\u5e74\u53f8\u6cd5\u3001\u77ef\u6b63\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u8b8a\u9769\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u964d\u4f4e\u6b63\u5f0f\u53f8\u6cd5\u9ad4\u7cfb\u4e4b\u5e72\u9810\uff0c\u800c\u76f4\u63a5\u7531\u57f7\u6cd5\u4eba\u54e1\u5c07\u504f\u5dee\uff0f\u72af\u7f6a\u5c11\u5e74\u8f49\u4ecb\u81f3\u5176\u4ed6\u975e\u53f8\u6cd5\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u6a5f\u69cb\u8655\u9047\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u8ca0\u9762\u70d9\u5370\u6548\u679c\u3002\u8f49\u5411\u5b89\u7f6e\u8f14\u5c0e\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u5fae\u7f6a\u6216\u865e\u72af\u4e4b\u975e\u884c\u5c11\u5e74(\u975e\u5e38\u884c\u70ba\u3001\u884c\u70ba\u504f\u5dee)\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8655\u9047\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5176\u7d50\u5408\u53f8\u6cd5\u3001\u793e\u6703\u798f\u5229\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u8cc7\u6e90\u7b49\uff0c\u5177\u9ad4\u5c07\u300c\u793e\u5340\u8655\u9047\u300d\u7cbe\u795e\u8207\u4f5c\u6cd5\u5c0e\u5165\u975e\u884c\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u8655\u7f6e\u3002\u5c11\u5e74\u9700\u96e2\u958b\u539f\u751f\u5bb6\u5ead\u8207\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u7531\u5b89\u7f6e\u8f14\u5c0e\u6a5f\u69cb\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u5c0f\u6642\u7684\u8f14\u5c0e\u670d\u52d9\u8207\u5b89\u7f6e\uff0c\u66ab\u6642\u66ff\u4ee3\u5bb6\u5ead\u529f\u80fd\u3002<br>\u8001\u4eba\uff1a\u6307\u5e74\u6eff65\u6b72\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8001\u4eba\u70ba\u5c0d\u8c61\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u52a9\u4eba\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002(\u76f8\u95dc\u6cd5\u4ee4\uff1a\u300c\u8001\u4eba\u798f\u5229\u6cd5\u300d\u3001\u300c\u9577\u671f\u7167\u9867\u670d\u52d9\u6cd5\u300d\u3001\u300c\u53cb\u5584\u95dc\u61f7\u8001\u4eba\u670d\u52d9\u65b9\u6848\u300d)<br>\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\uff1a<br>\u570b\u969b\u5065\u5eb7\u529f\u80fd\u8207\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u5206\u985e\u7cfb\u7d71(International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health\uff0c\u7c21\u7a31ICF)\uff1a\u5f9e\u8f03\u6b63\u5411\u8207\u793e\u6703\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u53bb\u8a0e\u8ad6\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u3002\u82f1\u570b\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u5bb6Oliver \u70ba\u4ee3\u8868\u8a8d\u70ba\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u7684\u7522\u751f\u4e0d\u662f\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u662f\u793e\u6703\u7d50\u69cb\u8207\u5236\u5ea6\u5c0d\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u7684\u5ffd\u8996\u8207\u6392\u9664\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u5f37\u8abf\u5916\u90e8\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u56e0\u7d20\u5c0d\u500b\u9ad4\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u9060\u8d85\u904e\u500b\u9ad4\u7684\u91ab\u7642\u8207\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<br>\u81ea\u7acb\u751f\u6d3b\uff1a\u4ee5\u500b\u4eba\u70ba\u4e3b\u7684\u8a08\u756b\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u8eab\u969c\u8005\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u4eba\u751f\u6709\u6700\u5927\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u8207\u63a7\u5236\u6b0a\u3002<br>\u878d\u5408\u6559\u80b2\uff1a\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5c07\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u5152\u7ae5\u548c\u666e\u901a\u540c\u5115\u653e\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u9593\u6559\u5ba4\u4e00\u8d77\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u5f37\u8abf\u63d0\u4f9b\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u5152\u7ae5\u4e00\u6b63\u5e38\u5316\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u9694\u96e2\u7684\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u5728\u666e\u901a\u73ed\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u76f8\u95dc\u670d\u52d9\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4f7f\u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u80b2\u53ca\u666e\u901a\u6559\u80b2\u5408\u4f75\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002\u878d\u5408\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u300d\uff0c\u4e43\u57fa\u65bc\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u6709\u6b0a\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u6240\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u5730\u5340\u63a5\u53d7\u514d\u8cbb\u7684\u516c\u5171\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5c0d\u65bc\u969c\u7919\u5152\u7ae5\u3002\u5b78\u6821\u9996\u5148\u8981\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5bb9\u7d0d\u4ed6\u5011\u65bc\u666e\u901a\u73ed\u63a5\u53d7\u6307\u5c0e\uff1b\u5176\u6b21\u5b78\u6821\u548c\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u5408\u4f5c\u8a02\u5b9a\u500b\u5225\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u8a08\u756b(IEP)\uff0cIEP\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u4fbf\u63d0\u4f9b\u9069\u7576\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u4f7f\u5b69\u5b50\u80fd\u9054\u6210\u6240\u9810\u671f\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u76ee\u6a19\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u878d\u5408\u6559\u80b2\u4e43\u63a1\u53d6\u4e00\u5143\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u662f\u73ed\u7d1a\u5167\u6240\u6709\u5177\u7279\u6b8a\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u800c\u7531\u666e\u901a\u6559\u5e2b\u3001\u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u5e2b\u53ca\u76f8\u95dc\u5c08\u696d\u4eba\u54e1\u5354\u540c\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5206\u64d4\u8cac\u4efb\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u5b8c\u6210\u6559\u5b78\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u8981\u9ede\u70ba\uff1a<br>\u8b93\u7279\u6b8a\u5152\u7ae5\u5c31\u8b80\u666e\u901a\u73ed\u3002&nbsp;<br>\u63d0\u4f9b\u878d\u5408\u6559\u80b2\u4e4b\u666e\u901a\u73ed\u6216\u5b78\u6821\u8db3\u5920\u4e14\u9069\u5b9c\u7684\u652f\u63f4\u3002&nbsp;<br>\u9700\u91dd\u5c0d\u7279\u6b8a\u5b78\u751f\u63d0\u51fa\u500b\u5225\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u8a08\u756b\u3002&nbsp;<br>\u8b93\u666e\u901a\u5b78\u751f\u8207\u7279\u6b8a\u5b78\u751f\u5747\u8499\u5176\u5229\u3002<br>\u76f8\u95dc\u6cd5\u4ee4\uff1a\u300c\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u7919\u8005\u6b0a\u76ca\u4fdd\u969c\u6cd5\u300d\u3001\u300c\u7cbe\u795e\u885b\u751f\u6cd5\u300d<br>\u6309\u7167\u670d\u52d9\u6a5f\u69cb\u6216\u5c08\u696d\u5340\u5206<br>\u4e09\u7d1a\u9810\u9632\u89c0\u5ff5\uff1a\u521d\u7d1a\u3001\u6b21\u7d1a\u3001\u4e09\u7d1a<br>\u4f01\u696d\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u4ee5\u4f01\u696d\u754c\u70ba\u670d\u52d9\u9818\u57df\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u793e\u5de5\u54e1\u904b\u7528\u9069\u7576\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u8207\u65b9\u6cd5\u65bc\u4f01\u696d\u754c\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5354\u52a9\u54e1\u5de5\u8655\u7406\u500b\u4eba\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u8207\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0a\u7684\u56f0\u64fe\u6216\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4e26\u7d93\u7531\u5718\u5c0d\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u5de5\u4f5c\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7d44\u7e54\u904b\u4f5c\u4eba\u6027\u5316\u3002\u91cd\u9ede\uff1a\u54e1\u5de5\u5354\u52a9\u65b9\u6848(EAPs)<br>\u5b78\u6821\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u4ee5\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u5728\u5b78\u6821\u9ad4\u7cfb\u4e2d\u900f\u904e\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u77e5\u8b58\u3001\u6280\u8853\u8207\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u89e3\u6c7a\u5b58\u5728\u5b78\u6821\u9ad4\u7cfb\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u793e\u5340\u4e09\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u97ff\u5b78\u751f\u4e4b\u554f\u984c\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c08\u696d\u670d\u52d9\u3002<br>\u53f8\u6cd5\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u5206\u72f9\u7fa9\u8207\u5ee3\u7fa9\u53f8\u6cd5\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u72f9\u7fa9\u53f8\u6cd5\u793e\u5de5\u662f\u77ef\u6cbb\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u670d\u52d9\u5834\u57df\u70ba\u76e3\u7344\u7b49\u77ef\u6cbb\u55ae\u4f4d\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001\u89c0\u8b77\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u5ee3\u7fa9\u53f8\u6cd5\u793e\u5de5\u662f\u6307\u904b\u7528\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c08\u696d\u65bc\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8207\u53f8\u6cd5\u9ad4\u7cfb\u76f8\u95dc\u8b70\u984c\u8207\u554f\u984c\u4e2d\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u6d89\u53ca\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u8a34\u8a1f\u4e4b\u76f8\u95dc\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u5211\u4e8b\u6216\u6c11\u4e8b\u7686\u5c6c\u4e4b\uff0c\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u5206\u5c45\u3001\u96e2\u5a5a\u3001\u758f\u5ffd\u3001\u89aa\u6b0a\u4e2d\u6b62\u4e4b\u5152\u7ae5\u76e3\u8b77\u3001\u5152\u8650\u3001\u5bb6\u66b4\u3001\u5c11\u5e74\u53f8\u6cd5\u670d\u52d9\u3001\u6210\u4eba\u53f8\u6cd5\u670d\u52d9\u3001\u77ef\u6cbb\u548c\u5f37\u5236\u8655\u9047\u90fd\u6b78\u5c6c\u65bc\u8a72\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3002(\u4e09\u7d1a\u9810\u9632\uff1a\u9810\u9632\u72af\u7f6a\u3001\u7d44\u7e54\u72af\u7f6a\u3001\u9632\u6b62\u518d\u72af)<br>\u4fee\u5fa9\u5f0f\u6b63\u7fa9<br>\u4fee\u5fa9\u5f0f\u6b63\u7fa9\u7406\u5ff5\u8207\u57f7\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u300c\u4ee5\u4eba\u672c\u89c0\u9ede\u5316\u89e3\u72af\u7f6a\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u85c9\u7531\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u4ee5\u88ab\u5bb3\u4eba\u3001\u52a0\u5bb3\u4eba\u53ca\u793e\u5340\u70ba\u4e3b\u9ad4\u7684\u4fee\u5fa9\u6027\u53f8\u6cd5\u904b\u4f5c\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c0a\u91cd\u7576\u4e8b\u4eba\u4e4b\u610f\u9858\u70ba\u524d\u63d0\uff0c\u5efa\u69cb\u5b89\u5168\u4e14\u6eab\u6696\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5169\u9020\u5171\u540c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4fee\u5fa9\u72af\u7f6a\u50b7\u5bb3\u4e4b\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u95dc\u4fc2\u4fee\u5fa9\u70ba\u76ee\u6a19\u5c0e\u5411\uff0c\u8ce6\u4e88\u88ab\u5bb3\u4eba\u3001\u52a0\u5bb3\u4eba\u500b\u4eba\u53ca\u5bb6\u5ead\u518d\u6574\u5408\u7684\u5951\u6a5f\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u5ef6\u7e8c\u793e\u6703\u4fee\u5fa9\u80fd\u91cf\u3002\u300d\u4fee\u5fa9\u5f0f\u6b63\u7fa9\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9032\u6700\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5730\u5c07\u6240\u6709\u6372\u5165\u67d0\u7279\u6b8a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u4eba\u58eb\u532f\u96c6\uff0c\u4ee5\u96c6\u9ad4\u5171\u540c\u8fa8\u8a8d\u8207\u5546\u8b70\u6240\u6709\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\u3001\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u548c\u7fa9\u52d9\uff0c\u671f\u80fd\u9054\u5230\u6cbb\u7642\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u4e26\u76e1\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u5c0e\u5f15\u4e8b\u7269\u56de\u6b78\u6b63\u8ecc\u3002<br>\u707d\u96e3\u7ba1\u7406\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u707d\u96e3\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u6307\u5f9e\u9810\u9632\u707d\u96e3\u767c\u751f\u5230\u707d\u5f8c\u5fa9\u539f\u3001\u91cd\u5efa\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u56db\u500b\u968e\u6bb5\uff1a\u9810\u9632\u671f\u3001\u61c9\u8b8a\u671f\u3001\u5fa9\u539f\u968e\u6bb5\u3001\u91cd\u5efa\u968e\u6bb5\u3002<br>\u91ab\u52d9\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u6307\u91ab\u7642\u9662\u6240\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5be6\u65bd\uff0c\u904b\u7528\u793e\u5de5\u4eba\u54e1\u5c08\u696d\u65b9\u6cd5\u5354\u52a9\u75c5\u4eba\u53ca\u5176\u5bb6\u5c6c\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u91ab\u7642\u6548\u679c\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u5c08\u696d\u670d\u52d9\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002<br>\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u7406\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u904b\u7528\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c08\u696d\u77e5\u8b58\u8207\u6280\u8853\u65bc\u7cbe\u795e\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u9810\u9632\u3001\u6cbb\u7642\u3001\u5eb7\u5fa9\u8207\u5fa9\u5065\uff0c\u6709\u95dc\u65bc\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u3001\u793e\u6703\u7684\u3001\u60c5\u7dd2\u7684\u53ca\u5bb6\u5ead\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u670d\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<br>\u5bb6\u5ead\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u4e0d\u53ea\u8655\u7406\u500b\u5225\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u54e1\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u662f\u4ee5\u8207\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e92\u52d5\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u554f\u984c\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0c\u63a1\u53d6\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5bb6\u5ead\u6574\u9ad4\u70ba\u6838\u5fc3\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5404\u9805\u5bb6\u5ead\u5354\u52a9\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<br>\u5bb6\u5ead\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u57fa\u790e<br>\u5bb6\u5ead\u7cfb\u7d71\u7406\u8ad6\uff1a\u5bb6\u5ead\u662f\u4e00\u7fa4\u4e92\u52d5\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\uff0c\u5728\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e92\u52d5\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u5c0b\u6c42\u4e00\u500b\u6046\u5b9a\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u5bb6\u5ead\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4e92\u52d5\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u8cf4\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5728\u5bb6\u5ead\u751f\u6d3b\u9031\u671f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6210\u54e1\u7684\u9032\u5165\u53ca\u96e2\u958b\u90fd\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u6574\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\uff1b\u6bcf\u500b\u5bb6\u5ead\u90fd\u662f\u500b\u7368\u7279\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u7368\u7279\u7684\u751f\u7269\u3001\u6587\u5316\u3001\u793e\u6703\u529b\u91cf\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u800c\u78ba\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u578b\u614b\u3001\u884c\u70ba\u548c\u6e9d\u901a\u3001\u611f\u60c5\u6d3b\u52d5\u548c\u56e0\u61c9\u5916\u754c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u66f4\u6709\u4e00\u5957\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u898f\u5247\u3001\u6b0a\u529b\u67b6\u69cb\u3001\u4e92\u52d5\u578b\u614b\u3001\u554f\u984c\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u800c\u6bcf\u500b\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e5f\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f71\u97ff\u8457\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u54e1\u3002<br>\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u5bb6\u5ead\u6b21\u7cfb\u7d71\u3001\u5c01\u9589\u7cfb\u7d71\u8207\u958b\u653e\u7cfb\u7d71\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u898f\u5247\u3001\u6046\u5b9a\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e09<br>&nbsp; \u89d2\u95dc\u4fc2\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u8ff7\u601d\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u6cbb\u7642\u5b78\u6d3e<br>\u5bb6\u5ead\u7d50\u69cb\u7406\u8ad6\uff1a\u8a8d\u70ba\u5bb6\u5ead\u554f\u984c\u4f86\u6e90\u70ba\u5bb6\u5ead\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u3002<br>\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u5bb6\u5ead\u754c\u9650\u3001\u904e\u4efd\u6d89\u5165\u8207\u904e\u4efd\u758f\u96e2\u3001\u885d\u7a81\u8207\u806f\u76df\u3001\u754c\u9650\u6a21\u7cca\u4e0d\u6e05\u3001\u6b0a<br>&nbsp; \u529b\u95dc\u4fc2<br>\u5bb6\u5ead\u89d2\u8272\u7406\u8ad6\uff1a\u89d2\u8272\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u5728\u771f\u5be6\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6240\u64d4\u4efb\u7684\u8077\u4f4d\u3001\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u89d2\u8272\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u5099\u7528\u4f86\u63cf\u7e6a\u5bb6\u5ead\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u6240\u671f\u671b\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u89d2\u8272\u4e00\u822c\u6703\u6709\u5176\u76f8\u95dc\u9023\u7684\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u7279\u5b9a\u89d2\u8272\u6709\u8a72\u89d2\u8272\u7279\u5b9a\u884c\u70ba\u4e4b\u898f\u5247\u3002<br>\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u89d2\u8272\u3001\u5148\u5929\u6c23\u8cea\u3001\u51fa\u751f\u5e8f\u3001\u592b\u59bb\u89d2\u8272\u3001\u7236\u6bcd\u8207\u5b50\u5973\u89d2\u8272<br>\u5bb6\u5ead\u58d3\u529b\u7406\u8ad6\uff1a\u5bb6\u5ead\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u6216\u662f\u5bb6\u5ead\u58d3\u529b\u662f\u5bb6\u5ead\u53d7\u5230\u58d3\u8feb\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u7a69\u5b9a\u72c0\u614b\u53d7\u5230\u6ce2\u6298\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u7cfb\u7d71\u662f\u8655\u65bc\u4f4e\u6f6e\u3001\u6709\u58d3\u8feb\u7684\u3001\u64fe\u4e82\u7684\u548c\u975c\u6b62\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u58d3\u529b\u662f\u6307\u5bb6\u5ead\u5728\u5e73\u8861\u72c0\u614b\u6709\u4e86\u6539\u8b8a\u3002<br>\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u58d3\u529b\u6e90\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u58d3\u529b\u3001\u500b\u4eba\u8cc7\u6e90\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u7cfb\u7d71\u8cc7\u6e90\u3001\u793e\u6703\u652f\u6301\u9ad4\u7cfb<br>&nbsp; \u8cc7\u6e90\u3001\u8a8d\u77e5\u3002<br>\u5bb6\u5ead\u885d\u7a81\u7406\u8ad6\uff1a\u5bb6\u5ead\u5c31\u50cf\u5176\u4ed6\u793e\u6703\u5236\u5ea6\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5bb6\u4eba\u9593\u4e4b\u885d\u7a81\u662f\u5fc5\u7136\u4e14\u53ef\u9810\u898b\u7684\uff0c\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u7af6\u722d\u7d50\u69cb\u662f\u6240\u6709\u5a5a\u59fb\u53ca\u5bb6\u5ead\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u5bb6\u4eba\u95dc\u4fc2\u5c31\u5728\u7af6\u722d\u8207\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\u8d77\u4f0f\u524d\u9032\u3002<br>\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u885d\u7a81\u8ad6\u3001\u6b0a\u529b\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u8cc7\u6e90\u5206\u914d<br>\u8cc7\u6e90\u4f9d\u8cf4\u7406\u8ad6\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u8d8a\u591a\u8cc7\u6e90\u7684\u4eba\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u884c\u4f7f\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u3002\u7576\u5bb6\u5ead\u9762\u5c0d\u7d1b\u4e82\u4e14\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u74b0\u5883\u6642\uff0c\u6703\u5411\u5916\u754c\u74b0\u5883\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7d44\u7e54\u5c0b\u6c42\u5354\u52a9\uff0c\u627e\u5c0b\u672c\u8eab\u6240\u6b20\u7f3a\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u5df2\u6e1b\u8f15\u74b0\u5883\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u5a01\u8105\u3002<br>\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u6709\u5f62\u8207\u7121\u5f62\u8cc7\u6e90\u3001\u5171\u751f\u6027\u4f9d\u8cf4\u95dc\u4fc2\u3001\u7af6\u722d\u6027\u4f9d\u8cf4\u95dc\u4fc2\u3001\u6b0a\u529b\u3002<br>\u5bb6\u5ead\u512a\u52e2\u89c0\u9ede\uff1a\u512a\u52e2\u89c0\u9ede\u8a8d\u70ba\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u5728\u56f0\u96e3\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u751f\u5b58\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u5fa9\u539f\u512a\u52e2\u3002\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u61c9\u8a72\u8207\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u4e00\u540c\u767c\u6398\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u8207\u74b0\u5883\u6240\u5177\u6709\u62b5\u6297\u9006\u5883\u7684\u512a\u52e2\uff0c\u4e26\u5354\u52a9\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u904b\u7528\u6b64\u7a2e\u512a\u52e2\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u56f0\u5883\u3002<br>\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u5fa9\u5143\u529b\u3001\u5371\u96aa\u56e0\u5b50\u3001\u4fdd\u8b77\u56e0\u5b50\u3001\u91cd\u751f\u56e0\u5b50\u3001\u589e\u5f37\u6b0a\u80fd\u3001\u751f\u614b\u89c0\u9ede\u3001<br>&nbsp; \u6b63\u5411\u3001\u512a\u52e2\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u5fa9\u5143\u529b\u3002<br>\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9(\u542b\u7236\u6b0a\u89c0\u9ede)\uff1a\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6700\u521d\u50c5\u5728\u516c\u9818\u57df\u6aa2\u8996\u6027\u5225\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u6574\u5408\u57fa\u9032\u8207\u6587\u5316\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u4ee5\u95dc\u5207\u5bb6\u5ead\u6b64\u79c1\u9818\u57df\u7684\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u5728\u5bb6\u5ead\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\uff0c\u9f13\u52f5\u5973\u6027\u8868\u9054\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u6311\u6230\u539f\u6709\u58d3\u8feb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<br>\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u7236\u6b0a\u3001\u6b67\u8996\u3001\u58d3\u8feb\u3001\u610f\u8b58\u81ea\u89ba\u3001\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u56e0\u7d20\u3001\u500b\u4eba\u5c31\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u89e3\u69cb\u3001<br>&nbsp;\u5305\u5bb9\u591a\u5143\u3001\u8ff0\u8aaa\u751f\u6d3b\u7d93\u9a57\u3001\u6311\u6230\u6027\u5225\u5206\u5de5\u3001\u8a8d\u77e5\u751f\u6d3b\u7d93\u9a57\u5dee\u7570\u3001\u589e\u5f37\u6b0a\u80fd\u3001\u5021\u5c0e\u3002<br>\u589e\u6b0a(\u5145\u6b0a)\u7406\u8ad6\uff1a\u589e\u6b0a\u7406\u8ad6\u662f\u5354\u52a9\u500b\u4eba\u5f9e\u5931\u6b0a\u7684\u5718\u9ad4\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u5176\u5167\u63a7\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u500b\u4eba\u6709\u638c\u63a7\u5176\u751f\u6d3b\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u53ca\u63d0\u5347\u5176\u5c0d\u5916\u5728\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u611f\uff0c\u771f\u5be6\u5730\u53bb\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u5916\u5728\u6b67\u8996\u504f\u898b\u548c\u525d\u524a\u627f\u64d4\u5176\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002<br>\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u5931\u6b0a\u3001\u81ea\u6c7a\u3001\u8ce6\u6b0a\u3002<br>\u4ee3\u9593\u50b3\u905e\u76f8\u95dc\u7406\u8ad6\uff1a\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u7fd2\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u8a8d\u77e5\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5316\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u4e16\u4ee3\u50b3\u905e\u7406\u8ad6\u3002<br>\u5bb6\u5ead\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u8a55\u4f30\u9762\u5411<br>\u5bb6\u5ead\u8108\u7d61<br>\u5bb6\u5ead\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u5916\u5728\u754c\u9650<br>\u5167\u5728\u754c\u9650\u548c\u5bb6\u5ead\u6b21\u7cfb\u7d71<br>\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u7d50\u69cb<br>\u5bb6\u5ead\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6c7a\u7b56\u904e\u7a0b<br>\u5bb6\u5ead\u611f\u53d7\u548c\u60c5\u611f\u8868\u9054\u7684\u7bc4\u570d<br>\u5bb6\u5ead\u76ee\u6a19<br>\u5bb6\u5ead\u8ff7\u601d\u548c\u8a8d\u77e5\u6a21\u578b<br>\u5bb6\u5ead\u89d2\u8272<br>\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u54e1\u7684\u6e9d\u901a\u98a8\u683c<br>\u5bb6\u5ead\u512a\u52e2\u8207\u6f5b\u529b<br>\u5bb6\u5ead\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f<br>\u91cd\u9ede\u63d0\u8981\uff1a\u5bb6\u5ead\u8a55\u4f30\u7684\u539f\u5247\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u8a2a\u8996\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u8207\u6280\u5de7\u3001\u793e\u6703\u8cc7\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u904e\u7a0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%e7%9c%8b%e6%9b%b4%e5%a4%9a%e9%81%a9%e5%90%88%e5%9c%b0%e6%96%b9%e7%89%b9%e8%80%83%e8%80%83%e8%a9%a6%e8%87%aa%e5%ad%b8%e6%ba%96%e5%82%99%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%80%e6%96%b0%e6%9b%b8%e7%b1%8d%e3%80%81%e7%b7%9a%e4%b8%8a%e8%aa%b2%e7%a8%8b%e8%b3%87%e8%a8%8a%3e%3e%e9%bb%9e%e6%88%91%e7%ab%8b%e5%8d%b3%e5%89%8d%e5%be%80\"><\/span><strong>\u770b\u66f4\u591a\u9069\u5408\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u8003\u8003\u8a66\u81ea\u5b78\u6e96\u5099\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u66f8\u7c4d\u3001\u7dda\u4e0a\u8ab2\u7a0b\u8cc7\u8a0a&gt;&gt;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eyebook.com.tw\/page\/Public11?utm_source=wordpress&amp;utm_campaign=108%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9%E7%89%B9%E8%80%83%E8%80%83%E5%89%8D%E9%87%8D%E9%BB%9E%E6%95%B4%E7%90%86&amp;utm_medium=post&amp;utm_content=_NA_NA_2325_lulu_NA\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.eyebook.com.tw\/page\/Public11?utm_source=wordpress&amp;utm_campaign=108%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9%E7%89%B9%E8%80%83%E8%80%83%E5%89%8D%E9%87%8D%E9%BB%9E%E6%95%B4%E7%90%86&amp;utm_medium=post&amp;utm_content=_NA_NA_2325_lulu_NA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u9ede\u6211\u7acb\u5373\u524d\u5f80<\/a><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e0d\u7528\u64d4\u5fc3\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u8003\u884c\u653f\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5be6\u52d9\u5982\u4f55\u6e96\u5099\uff0c\u5e38\u8003\u8003\u9ede\u3001\u6613\u932f\u984c\u76ee\uff0c\u9019\u908a\u90fd\u5e6b\u4f60\u505a\u4e86\u7be9\u9078\u548c\u5f59\u6574\u56c9\uff01\u984c\u984c\u7686\u9644\u4e0a\u8a73\u7d30\u89e3\u6790\uff0c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[210,215],"tags":[237,202,201],"class_list":["post-2325","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general-review","category-local-special-exam-general-review","tag-237","tag-202","tag-201"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2325","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2325"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2325\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3116,"href":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2325\/revisions\/3116"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2325"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2325"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eyebook.blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2325"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}